Obstetric violence: influences of the Senses of Birth exhibition in pregnant women childbirth experience.

Excessive interventions during labor in Brazil have been reported as disrespect and abuse and contribute to neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. The Senses of Birth exhibition aims to encourage normal birth to promote health and improve the experience of childbirth in the country. This article describes the characteristics of 555 women who visited the exhibition during pregnancy and their perception of obstetric violence in childbirth. Obstetric violence was reported by 12.6% of the women, mostly low-income and unmarried. It was associated to lithotomic position and Kristeller maneuver during childbirth and non-immediate skin-to-skin contact with the baby. The main categories of obstetric violence reported were: not accepted interventions /accepted interventions on the basis of partial information (36.9%), undignified care / verbal abuse (33.0%); physical abuse (13.6%); non-confidential / non-privative care (2.9%) and discrimination (2.9%). Visiting the exhibition significantly increased pregnant women's knowledge about obstetric violence. However, recognition of obsolete or harmful practices as obstetric violence was still low. Initiatives such as Senses of Birth may contribute to increase knowledge and social mobilization to disseminate good practices in childbirth care.

[1]  Gabriela Lemos de Pinho Zanardo,et al.  VIOLÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA NO BRASIL: UMA REVISÃO TEÓRICA , 2017 .

[2]  D. Rattner,et al.  Institutional violence and quality of service in obstetrics are associated with postpartum depression , 2017, Revista de saude publica.

[3]  Brasil. Ministério da Ciência Diretrizes nacionais de assistência ao parto normal: versão resumida , 2017 .

[4]  M. Leal,et al.  Factors associated with maternal near miss in childbirth and the postpartum period: findings from the birth in Brazil National Survey, 2011–2012 , 2016, Reproductive Health.

[5]  M. Leal,et al.  Caesarean Delivery and Postpartum Maternal Mortality: A Population-Based Case Control Study in Brazil , 2016, PloS one.

[6]  Diana Browser,et al.  Exploring Evidence for Disrespect and Abuse in Facility-Based Childbirth: Report of a Landscape Analysis - USAID , 2015 .

[7]  Charles Dalcanale Tesser,et al.  Violência obstétrica e prevenção quaternária: o que é e o que fazer , 2015 .

[8]  Marcos Augusto Bastos Dias,et al.  Intervenções obstétricas durante o trabalho de parto e parto em mulheres brasileiras de risco habitual , 2014 .

[9]  Silvana Granado Nogueira da Gama,et al.  Práticas de atenção hospitalar ao recém-nascido saudável no Brasil , 2014 .

[10]  João Paulo Souza,et al.  Sobre el parto y el nacimiento: la importancia de la prevención cuaternaria , 2014 .

[11]  Antonio Ledo Alves Cunha,et al.  Pesquisa Nascer no Brasil: perfil da mortalidade neonatal e avaliação da assistência à gestante e ao recém-nascido , 2014 .

[12]  Tatau Godinho,et al.  Mulheres brasileiras e gênero nos espaços público e privado : uma década de mudanças na opinião pública , 2013 .

[13]  S. Lansky,et al.  Equity and women's health services for contraception, abortion and childbirth in Brazil , 2012, Reproductive health matters.

[14]  C. Victora,et al.  Maternal and child health in Brazil: progress and challenges , 2011, The Lancet.

[15]  Daphne Rattner Humanização na atenção a nascimentos e partos: ponderações sobre políticas públicas , 2009 .

[16]  Silvana Granado Nogueira da Gama,et al.  Desigualdades raciais, sociodemográficas e na assistência ao pré-natal e ao parto, 1999-2001 , 2007 .

[17]  L. Schraiber,et al.  Violência vivida: a dor que não tem nome , 2003 .

[18]  C. Bógus,et al.  [Childbirth as I see it . . . or the way I wish it was? Expectations of pregnant women towards childbirth and obstetric care in the public health care system]. , 2002, Cadernos de saude publica.

[19]  L. Schraiber,et al.  For Personal Use. Only Reproduce with Permission from the Lancet Publishing Group. Violence against Women in Health-care Institutions: an Emerging Problem Violence against Women Vi , 2022 .

[20]  A. F. d'Oliveira,et al.  Gender violence and reproductive health , 1998, International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics.

[21]  M. Güven,et al.  Glucocorticoid receptors on mononuclear leukocytes in polycystic ovary syndrome , 1998, International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics.