Driving simulator: an innovative tool to test new road infrastructures

Les simulateurs de conduite sont des outils de haute technicite permettant d'effectuer a cout reduit, des tâches complexes telles que la conception, le test, et l’etude d’infrastructures et d’amenagements routiers. Ces amenagements peuvent etre des signalisations horizontales ou verticales, des eclairages publics, ou des voies de circulation dediees. Pour evaluer ces amenagements, l’IFSTTAR (Institut Francais des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l’Amenagement et de Reseaux) developpe differents types de simulateurs de deplacement : plateformes statiques et dynamiques de voiture, de moto, un simulateur de traversee de rue pour pietons, ainsi qu’un futur simulateur de velo. Cet article presente les avantages et les inconvenients de ce type de dispositif, en s’appuyant sur certains exemples d’utilisation qui en a ete faite dans le cadre de projets de recherche. Comme pour tout outil, les utilisateurs de simulateur doivent en connaitre les conditions d'utilisation appropriees. Nous abordons cette question en nous interessant egalement a la notion de validation de ces outils.

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