Single-chip FPGA architecture for 3D IIR broadband spatio-temporal beam plane-wave filters

A highly-directional FPGA-based broadband beam former is proposed using a novel 3D IIR plane-wave digital filter. This filter acquires the 3D spatio-temporal input signals from spatially-rectangular arrays of sensors that are scanned by only one time-multiplexed A/D converter. The proposed architecture employs a novel scanned-array 3D parallel vector-processor (VP), clocked at 80 MHz, and has the potential to achieve real-time broadband plane-wave filtering on a single low-cost integrated circuit at spatial frame-rates of 19 kHz over a 64 by 64 spatial broadband sensor array

[1]  James L. Flanagan,et al.  The huge microphone array , 1998, IEEE Concurr..

[2]  Leonard T. Bruton,et al.  A real-time video implementation of a three-dimensional first-order recursive discrete-time filter , 1996, 1996 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Circuits and Systems Connecting the World. ISCAS 96.

[3]  Leonard T. Bruton,et al.  Three-dimensional cone filter banks , 2003 .

[4]  Jerome Daniel,et al.  Further Investigations of High-Order Ambisonics and Wavefield Synthesis for Holophonic Sound Imaging , 2003 .

[5]  Arjuna Madanayake,et al.  A low-complexity scanned-array 3D IIR frequency-planar filter , 2005, 2005 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[6]  Leonard T. Bruton,et al.  Three-dimensional image processing using the concept of network resonance , 1985 .

[7]  Michael Bolle.  A closed form design method for recursive 3-D cone filters , 1994, Proceedings of ICASSP '94. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing.

[8]  Leonard T. Bruton,et al.  Highly selective three-dimensional recursive beam filters using intersecting resonant planes , 1983 .

[9]  Keshab K. Parhi,et al.  VLSI digital signal processing systems , 1999 .

[10]  Sharmila Venugopal,et al.  FPGA-based 3D median filtering using word-parallel systolic arrays , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37512).

[11]  A. Fettweis,et al.  A novel approach to the design of recursive fan filters , 1995 .

[12]  James L. Flanagan,et al.  Beamforming microphone arrays for speech enhancement , 1992, [Proceedings] ICASSP-92: 1992 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[13]  James L. Flanagan,et al.  A digital processing system for source location and sound capture by large microphone arrays , 1997, 1997 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[14]  D. E. Dudgeon.  Wideband Array Processing For Acoustic Detection and Tracking Of Aircraft/sup */ , 1985, Nineteeth Asilomar Conference on Circuits, Systems and Computers, 1985..

[15]  Maher A. Sid-Ahmed.  Serial architectures for the implementation of 2-D digital filters and for template matching in digital images , 1990, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process..

[16]  Steven G. Schock,et al.  Buried object scanning sonar , 2001 .

[17]  James L. Flanagan,et al.  The Huge Microphone Array. 2 , 1999, IEEE Concurr..

[18]  Majid Ahmadi,et al.  Microelectromechanical systems and system-on-chip connectivity , 2002 .

[19]  Maher A. Sid-Ahmed.  A systolic realization for 2-D digital filters , 1989, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process..

[20]  A. Klouche-Djedid,et al.  Design of two-dimensional FIR digital filters used for broadband digital beamforming by combination of spectral transformation and window method , 1996, Proceedings of Digital Processing Applications (TENCON '96).

[21]  Arjuna Madanayake,et al.  FPGA architectures for real-time 2D/3D FIR/IIR plane wave filters , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37512).

[22]  M.A. Sid-Ahmed.  Realization of 2-D IIR filters using sample-and hold circuitry , 1991, 1991., IEEE International Sympoisum on Circuits and Systems.