ALTERACIÓN QUÍMICA DE LA SOLUCIÓN DE UN SUELO SULFATADO ÁCIDO, CON ENCALAMIENTO Y LAVADO EN COLUMNA DISTURBADAS

Soil acidity is on of the main factors which limit production of tropical acid sulfate soils, being the correction with liming and washing slow. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of liming and washing on the chemical characteristics, pH, electric conductivity, sulfates, calcium and magnesium content of lixiviates in an acid sulfate soil (franc isohipertermico typic sulfaquepts) from San Carlos, Cordoba, Colombia. Lysimeters, 15cm of diameter x 80cm of height were installed, and filled with soil collected from the surface horizon, 0 -20 and 20 - 40cm, limed with 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10t/ha, and washed with 15L of water, equivalent to three pore volumens. The research was carried out with a randomized block design with four replications, in a hothouse of the University of Cordoba, Colombia. The evaluated variables were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), sulfates, calcium and magnesium contents in the leaching. A small increase in pH due to liming was detected, as well as a reduction in EC; however, liming and washing did not increase the lixivation of sulfates, calcium and magnesium. Regressions models were obtained, which permitted to, approximately, estimate 10t/ha lime to increase pH to 5 and to reduce EC to 2dS/m.

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