Comparisons of two-row and six-row barley for chemical composition using doubled-haploid lines

Comparative studies on chemical composition between two-row and six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and between purple and yellow barley are very limited. Therefore, a study was conducted to compare two-row and six-row barley and to compare purple and yellow barley for five chemical traits. In addition, the effects of four other marker loci-srh (short rachilla hair), Rawl (rough awn), Est1 (esterase 1), and Est5 (esterase 5)-on the five traits were also studied. One hundred ninety doubled-haploid (DH) lines were derived from a Leger'/CI9831' cross by the bulbosum method. The DH lines and the two parents were evaluated for protein, starch, β-glucan, neutral-detergent fiber (NDF), and acid-detergent fiber (ADF) content at two locations in Eastern Canada in 1993. Results showed that two-row (vrsl.t) lines contained 14 to 20% more protein, 4% less starch, and 6 to 7% more β-glucan than six-row lines; while purple lemma (Pre2) lines contained 2 to 4% less NDF and 0 to 3% less ADF than yellow lemma lines. Differences in grain protein, starch, and β-glucan content were associated with the Pre2 locus, but they were shown to be caused by linkage between the Pre2 and vrsl loci. Alleles at the srh, Rawl, Est1, and Est5 loci had very little effect on the five traits. Protein content was not correlated with β-glucan content for either two-row or six-row lines. Protein and β-glucan content, however, were correlated with NDF and ADF content for the two-row lines. Additive × additive epistasis was detected for starch and NDF content. The results of this study suggested that selection for high protein or low β-glucan is possible in two-row/six-row crosses.

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