Physically-Based Validation of Deformable Medical Image Registration

We propose a new approach for validating deformable image registration algorithms. Since difference images do not necessarily reflect the 3D correspondence of organs, we propose to use the deformation fields generated in our FEM-based simulations to assess the displacement resulted from other registration methods. Unlike traditional FEM-based registration methods, the boundary condition for the target organ is not given explicitly. Instead it is driven by inter-organ contact forces generated by boundary conditions on surrounding organs to reduce the uncertainty induced by geometry-based surface matching. To validate our system, real CT images of the male pelvis are analyzed, and the prostate can be reasonably registered without matching its surface to the image. Several registration methods are then evaluated using our system.