Dogmatism, Locus of Control and Creativity in Children Educated in the Soviet Union, the United States, and Israel

Dogmatism, locus of control and creative thinking were studied in Israel in children aged 12 to 14 yr. and educated in the Soviet Union (N = 45), in the United States (N = 44), and in Israel (N = 48). Measures were the Rokeach Dogmatism Scale, the Tel-Aviv Locus of Control Scale and an adapted version of the Wallach and Kogan Creativity Battery. American and Israeli children were more open-minded, more internal in feelings of locus of control, and more creative in their thinking than Soviet children. Findings were explained in terms of differences in socialization within Soviet and Western society.

[1]  N. Milgram,et al.  Group versus Individual Administration in the Measurement of Creative Thinking in Gifted and Nongifted Children , 1976 .

[2]  N. Milgram,et al.  Creative thinking and creative performance in Israeli students. , 1976, Journal of educational psychology.

[3]  N. Milgram,et al.  Dimensions of Locus of Control in Children , 1975, Psychological reports.

[4]  A. Ziv,et al.  Adolescents Educated in Israel and in the Soviet Union , 1975 .

[5]  R. Shouval.  Anomalous reactions to social pressure of Israeli and Soviet children raised in family versus collective settings. , 1975 .

[6]  R. Ames,et al.  A Comparison of Anglo- And Mexican-American College Students on Locus of Control. , 1974 .

[7]  E. McGinnies,et al.  Sex and Cultural Differences in Perceived Locus of Control Among Students in Five Countries. , 1974 .

[8]  Ē. Krutova.  Human Associations and Their Characteristics , 1972 .

[9]  G. Boynton.  The Individual in Society , 1972 .

[10]  L. A. Pirojnikoff,et al.  Dogmatism and social distance: a cross-cultural study. , 1971, The Journal of social psychology.

[11]  Kitty D. Weaver.  Lenin's Grandchildren: Preschool Education in the Soviet Union , 1971 .

[12]  P. Mussen,et al.  Carmichael's Manual of Child Psychology , 1972 .

[13]  O. Parsons,et al.  Internal-external locus of control and national stereotypes in Denmark and the United States. , 1970, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[14]  U. Bronfenbrenner.  Reaction to social pressure from adults versus peers among Soviet day school and boarding school pupils in the perspective of an American sample. , 1970 .

[15]  E. J. Phares,et al.  Parental Antecedents of Internal-External Control of Reinforcement , 1969 .

[16]  E. J. Lotsof,et al.  Internal versus external control and ethnic group membership: a cross-cultural comparison. , 1969, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[17]  A. Tolor,et al.  Body boundary, parental attitudes, and internal-external expectancy. , 1968, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[18]  U. Bronfenbrenner.  Response to Pressure from Peers Vs Adults Among Soviet and American School Children , 1967 .

[19]  Modes of Thinking in Young Children: A Study of the Creativity-Intelligence Distinction. , 1966 .

[20]  J. Rotter.  Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. , 1966, Psychological monographs.

[21]  G. E. Swanson,et al.  Six cultures : studies of child rearing , 1964 .

[22]  R. Crutchfield,et al.  Individual in Society , 1963 .

[23]  U. Bronfenbrenner.  SOVIET METHODS OF CHARACTER EDUCATION: SOME IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH , 1962 .

[24]  U. Bronfenbrenner.  Soviet methods of character education: Some implications for research. , 1962 .

[25]  P. Weisberg,et al.  Environmental factors in creative function. A study of gifted children. , 1961, Archives of general psychiatry.

[26]  Hans J. Eysenck,et al.  The Open and Closed Mind , 1961 .

[27]  M. Rokeach,et al.  The Open and Closed Mind , 1960 .

[28]  David Harris Russell,et al.  Children's thinking , 1956 .

[29]  S. Eisenstadt.  Youth, Culture and Social Structure in Israel , 1951 .

[30]  F. Kluckhohn,et al.  Dominant and Substitute Profiles of Cultural Orientations: Their Significance for the Analysis of Social Stratification , 1950 .

[31]  M. Wolfenstein.  Some Variants in Moral Training of Children , 1950 .

[32]  E. Frenkel-Brunswik,et al.  A Study of Prejudice in Children , 1948, Human relations; studies towards the integration of the social sciences.