A hierarchical approach for simulating northern forest dynamics
暂无分享,去创建一个
[1] J. Roskoski. Nitrogen fixation in hardwood forests of the northeastern United States , 1980, Plant and Soil.
[2] Mary Ann Simmons,et al. A Bayesian test of hierarchy theory: scaling up variability in plant cover from field to remotely sensed data , 2004, Landscape Ecology.
[3] H. Haes,et al. A hierarchical approach to ecosystems and its implications for ecological land classification , 1994, Landscape Ecology.
[4] A. R. Johnson,et al. A hierarchical framework for the analysis of scale , 1989, Landscape Ecology.
[5] W. C. Johnson,et al. Estimating dispersibility of Acer, Fraxinus and Tilia in fragmented landscapes from patterns of seedling establishment , 1988, Landscape Ecology.
[6] Peter R. Minchin,et al. Simulation of multidimensional community patterns: towards a comprehensive model , 1987, Vegetatio.
[7] D. Roberts. A dynamical systems perspective on vegetation theory , 1987, Vegetatio.
[8] A. Solomon. Transient response of forests to CO2-induced climate change: simulation modeling experiments in eastern North America , 1986, Oecologia.
[9] B. Zeide. The U-approach to forest modeling , 2003 .
[10] Annikki Mäkelä,et al. Process-based modelling of tree and stand growth: towards a hierarchical treatment of multiscale processes , 2003 .
[11] R. Weber. White ash, Fraxinus americana. , 2003, Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology.
[12] Stephen B. Horsley,et al. WHITE‐TAILED DEER IMPACT ON THE VEGETATION DYNAMICS OF A NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST , 2003 .
[13] Jerome K. Vanclay,et al. Realizing opportunities in forest growth modelling , 2003 .
[14] Jianguo Wu,et al. A spatially explicit hierarchical approach to modeling complex ecological systems: theory and applications , 2002 .
[15] T. Crow,et al. Effects of Management on the Composition and Structure of Northern Hardwood Forests in Upper Michigan , 2002 .
[16] Lee E. Frelich,et al. Forest Dynamics and Disturbance Regimes: Studies from Temperate Evergreen-Deciduous Forests , 2002 .
[17] T. Crow,et al. NITROGEN STORAGE AND CYCLING IN OLD- AND SECOND-GROWTH NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS , 2002 .
[18] Hong S. He,et al. Exploring component-based approaches in forest landscape modeling , 2002, Environ. Model. Softw..
[19] S. Seagle,et al. Application of a forest gap model for prediction of browsing effects on riparian forest succession , 2001 .
[20] M. Aubinet,et al. Modelling short-term CO2 fluxes and long-term tree growth in temperate forests with ASPECTS , 2001 .
[21] D. Bragg. A local basal area adjustment for crown width prediction , 2001 .
[22] D. Bragg. Potential relative increment (PRI): a new method to empirically derive optimal tree diameter growth , 2001 .
[23] NLCW NLCW,et al. A Local Basal Area Adjustment for Crown Width Prediction , 2001 .
[24] F. Woodward,et al. Vegetation and the terrestrial carbon cycle:Modelling the first 400 million years , 2001 .
[25] Corinna Hawkes,et al. Woody plant mortality algorithms: description, problems and progress , 2000 .
[26] Hong S. He,et al. Spatial simulation of forest succession and timber harvesting using LANDIS. , 2000 .
[27] Alan R. Ek,et al. The consequences of hierarchy for modeling in forest ecosystems , 2000 .
[28] J. P. Kimmins,et al. Modelling forest ecosystem net primary production : the hybrid simulation approach used in FORECAST , 1999 .
[29] D. Mladenoff,et al. Spatial Modeling of Forest Landscape Change: Approaches and Applications , 1999 .
[30] D. Greene,et al. A review of the regeneration dynamics of North American boreal forest tree species , 1999 .
[31] C. Messier,et al. Predicting and managing light in the understory of boreal forests , 1999 .
[32] D. Bragg. Multi-Scalar Spatial Modeling of Northern Forest Dynamics: Foundations, Theories, and Applications , 1999 .
[33] V. T. Parker,et al. Ecological scale : theory and applications , 1999 .
[34] S. Pacala,et al. Modeling the competitive dynamics and distribution of tree species along moisture gradients. , 1999 .
[35] Jianguo Liu,et al. FORMOSAIC: an individual-based spatially explicit model for simulating forest dynamics in landscape mosaics , 1998 .
[36] Jonas Fridman,et al. Modelling probability of snow and wind damage in Scots pine stands using tree characteristics , 1997 .
[37] M. Ter-Mikaelian,et al. Biomass equations for sixty-five North American tree species , 1997 .
[38] D. Goldblum. The effects of treefall gaps on understory vegetation in New York State , 1997 .
[39] D. Waller,et al. The white-tailed deer : a keystone herbivore , 1997 .
[40] H. Schenk,et al. Modeling the effects of temperature on growth and persistence of tree species: A critical review of tree population models , 1996 .
[41] Joseph Buongiorno,et al. A multi-species, density-dependent matrix growth model to predict tree diversity and income in northern hardwood stands , 1996 .
[42] Hartmut Bossel,et al. treedyn3 forest simulation model , 1996 .
[43] J. Hervé,et al. Modelling crown shape of Piceaabies: spacing effects , 1996 .
[44] M. Sykes,et al. A comparison of forest gap models: Model structure and behaviour , 1996 .
[45] Chhun-Huor Ung,et al. Influence of social status on crown geometry and volume increment in regular and irregular black spruce stands , 1996 .
[46] D. Roberts. Landscape vegetation modelling with vital attributes and fuzzy systems theory , 1996 .
[47] David W. Roberts,et al. Modelling forest dynamics with vital attributes and fuzzy systems theory , 1996 .
[48] Mathew Williams,et al. A three-dimensional model of forest development and competition , 1996 .
[49] R. Fleming. Better derivations and an improvement for the specific increment equations of tree growth , 1996 .
[50] Robert Muetzelfeldt,et al. Hierarchical approach to forest ecosystem simulation , 1996 .
[51] Eberhard O. Voit,et al. Modeling forest growth I. Canonical approach , 1996 .
[52] Eberhard O. Voit,et al. Modeling forest growth II. Biomass partitioning in Scots pine , 1996 .
[53] Michael F. Goodchild,et al. Gis and Environmental Modeling: Progress and Research Issues , 1996 .
[54] S. Pacala,et al. Forest models defined by field measurements : Estimation, error analysis and dynamics , 1996 .
[55] F. Hoffmann. FAGUS, A MODEL FOR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF BEECH , 1995 .
[56] S. Mitchell. The windthrow triangle: A relative windthrow hazard assessment procedure for forest managers , 1995 .
[57] John A. Silander,et al. Juvenile Tree Survivorship as a Component of Shade Tolerance , 1995 .
[58] L. Frelich. Old forest in the lake states today and before European settlement , 1995 .
[59] S. Pacala,et al. SEEDLING RECRUITMENT IN FORESTS: CALIBRATING MODELS TO PREDICT PATTERNS OF TREE SEEDLING DISPERSION' , 1994 .
[60] J. Walker,et al. An integrated rate methodology (IRM) for multi-factor growth rate modelling , 1994 .
[61] Peter L. Marshall,et al. Crown development in red pine stands. I. Absolute and relative growth measures , 1994 .
[62] C. Canham,et al. Effects of the frequency, timing, and intensity of simulated browsing on growth and mortality of tree seedlings , 1994 .
[63] John A. Silander,et al. Sapling growth as a function of resources in a north temperate forest , 1994 .
[64] H. Shugart,et al. Vegetation Dynamics and Global Change , 1993 .
[65] David J. Mladenoff,et al. Eastern Hemlock Regeneration and Deer Browsing in the Northern Great Lakes Region: A Re-examination and Model Simulation , 1993 .
[66] S. Pacala,et al. Forest models defined by field measurements: I. The design of a northeastern forest simulator , 1993 .
[67] Boris Zeide,et al. Analysis of Growth Equations , 1993 .
[68] R. Stottlemyer,et al. Composition, Biomass and Nutrient Distribution in Mature Northern Hardwood and Boreal Forest Stands, Michigan , 1993 .
[69] D. Botkin. Forest Dynamics: An Ecological Model , 1993 .
[70] Charles B. Halpern,et al. Potential response of pacific northwestern forests to climatic change, effects of stand age and initial composition , 1993 .
[71] F. Woodward. Leaf Responses to the Environment and Extrapolation to Larger Scales , 1993 .
[72] R. C. Anderson,et al. Recovery of browse-sensitive tree species following release from white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus zimmerman browsing pressure , 1993 .
[73] T. Allen,et al. Toward a Unified Ecology. , 1994 .
[74] H. Shugart,et al. Multi-Level Interactions Arising from Herbivory: A Simulation Analysis of Deciduous Forests Utilizing Foret. , 1992, Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America.
[75] Arthur J. Gold,et al. Nitrate dynamics in riparian forests : microbial studies , 1992 .
[76] G. Bonan,et al. Air temperature, tree growth, and the northern and southern range limits to Picea mariana , 1992 .
[77] N. W. Foster,et al. Nutrient cycling in Huntington Forest and Turkey Lakes deciduous stands: nitrogen and sulfur , 1992 .
[78] Emery R. Boose,et al. Patterns of forest damage resulting from catastrophic wind in central New England, USA , 1992 .
[79] Thomas M. Smith,et al. The potential for application of individual-based simulation models for assessing the effects of global change , 1992 .
[80] Mark H. Hansen,et al. The Eastwide forest inventory data base: users manual. , 1992 .
[81] R. K. Dixon,et al. Process modeling of forest growth responses to environmental stress , 1991 .
[82] W. Cramer,et al. The possible dynamic response of northern forests to global warming , 1991 .
[83] G. Mroz,et al. Regrowth and nutrient accumulations following whole-tree harvesting of a maple–oak forest , 1991 .
[84] Boris Zeide,et al. Quality as a characteristic of ecological models , 1991 .
[85] D. Heisey,et al. Nutrient dynamics in decomposing leaf litter of four tree species on a sandy soil in northwestern Wisconsin , 1991 .
[86] I. Morrison. Addition of organic matter and elements to the forest floor of an old-growth Acersaccharum forest in the annual litter fall , 1991 .
[87] Craig G. Lorimer,et al. Natural Disturbance Regimes in Hemlock-Hardwood Forests of the Upper Great Lakes Region , 1991 .
[88] G. Tsoumis,et al. Science and technology of wood : structure, properties, utilization , 1991 .
[89] HERBERT A. SIMON,et al. The Architecture of Complexity , 1991 .
[90] James N. Long,et al. Assessment of growing stock in uneven-aged stands , 1990 .
[91] B. H. Honkala,et al. Silvics of North America , 1990 .
[92] Boris Zeide,et al. Accuracy of equations describing diameter growth , 1989 .
[93] S. Webb. Contrasting Windstorm Consequences in Two Forests, Itasca State Park, Minnesota , 1989 .
[94] Nancy G. Tilghman. Impacts of White-Tailed Deer on Forest Regeneration in Northwestern Pennsylvania , 1989 .
[95] D. Greene,et al. A MODEL OF WIND DISPERSAL OF WINGED OR PLUMED SEEDS , 1989 .
[96] James M. Tiedje,et al. Denitrification in north temperate forest soils: Relationships between denitrification and environmental factors at the landscape scale , 1989 .
[97] James M. Tiedje,et al. Denitrification in north temperate forest soils: Spatial and temporal patterns at the landscape and seasonal scales , 1989 .
[98] R. Schaetzl,et al. Tree uprooting: review of terminology, process, and environmental implications , 1989 .
[99] W. Alverson,et al. Forests Too Deer: Edge Effects in Northern Wisconsin , 1988 .
[100] J. Laing,et al. SEASONAL DAMAGE BY INSECTS AND SQUIRRELS TO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES OF BLACK SPRUCE, PICEA MARIANA (MILL.) B.S.P. , 1988, The Canadian Entomologist.
[101] S. Running,et al. A general model of forest ecosystem processes for regional applications I. Hydrologic balance, canopy gas exchange and primary production processes , 1988 .
[102] S. Riha. Properties and Management of Forest Soils , 1988 .
[103] D. F. Grigal,et al. Tall shrub dynamics in northern Minnesota aspen and conifer forests. , 1988 .
[104] Richard H. Waring,et al. Characteristics of Trees Predisposed to Die , 1987 .
[105] D. Albert,et al. Effects of Clearcutting on the Vegetation and Soil of a Sugar Maple-Dominated Ecosystem, Western Upper Michigan , 1987 .
[106] David A. Hamilton,et al. A Logistic Model of Mortality in Thinned and Unthinned Mixed Conifer Stands of Northern Idaho , 1986, Forest Science.
[107] R. O'Neill. A Hierarchical Concept of Ecosystems. , 1986 .
[108] Margaret R. Holdaway,et al. Modeling Tree Crown Ratio , 1986 .
[109] R. Schaetzl. Soilscape Analysis of Contrasting Glacial Terrains in Wisconsin , 1986 .
[110] T. W. Jurik,et al. Temporal and spatial patterns of specific leaf weight in successional northern hardwood tree species , 1986 .
[111] B. Freedman,et al. Forest floor dynamics in a chronosequence of hardwood stands in central Nova Scotia , 1986 .
[112] W. Post,et al. Influence of climate, soil moisture, and succession on forest carbon and nitrogen cycles , 1986 .
[113] Pierre Auger,et al. Dynamics in hierarchically organized systems: A general model applied to ecology, biology and economics , 1986 .
[114] Richard H. Waring,et al. Forest Ecosystems: Concepts and Management , 1985 .
[115] G. Mroz,et al. Composition, structure, and aboveground biomass of two old-growth northern hardwood stands in Upper Michigan. , 1985 .
[116] Smith. Factors and equations to estimate forest biomass in the North Central region. Forest Service research paper (Final) , 1985 .
[117] T. Whitmore,et al. Forest succession , 1985, Nature.
[118] Craig G. Lorimer,et al. Current and predicted long-term effects of deer browsing in hemlock forests in Michigan, USA , 1985 .
[119] K. Rennolls,et al. Timber Management-A Quantitative Approach. , 1984 .
[120] Charles D. Canham,et al. Catastrophic windthrow in the presettlement forests of Wisconsin , 1984 .
[121] J. Bockheim,et al. Distribution and Cycling of Nutrients in an Aspen‐Mixed‐Hardwood‐Spodosol Ecosystem in Northern Wisconsin , 1984 .
[122] A. Ek,et al. A Simple Model for Estimating Total and Merchantable Tree Heights , 1984 .
[123] R. G. Buchman,et al. More Lake States Tree Survival Predictions , 1984 .
[124] H. Shugart. A Theory of Forest Dynamics , 1984 .
[125] R. Forman,et al. Herb Cover Effects on Tree Seedling Patterns in a Mature Hemlock‐Hardwood Forest , 1983 .
[126] R. G. Buchman,et al. A tree survival model with application to species of the Great Lakes region , 1983 .
[127] F. Ledig,et al. ADAPTATION OF SUGAR MAPLE POPULATIONS ALONG ALTITUDINAL GRADIENTS: PHOTOSYNTHESIS, RESPIRATION, AND SPECIFIC LEAF WEIGHT , 1983 .
[128] Christopher P. Dunn,et al. Catastrophic wind disturbance in an old-growth hemlock–hardwood forest, Wisconsin , 1983 .
[129] Roland G. Buchman. Survival predictions for major Lake States tree species. , 1983 .
[130] W. B. Smith,et al. Allometric Biomass Equations for 98 Species of Herbs, Shrubs, and Small Trees , 1983 .
[131] Gary J. Brand,et al. A description of STEMS-- the stand and tree evaluation and modeling system. , 1982 .
[132] D. Perala,et al. Rates of forest floor decomposition and nutrient turnover in aspen, pine, and spruce stands on two soils. , 1982 .
[133] W. H. Carmean,et al. Lake States Site Index Curves Formulated. , 1982 .
[134] W. Brad Smith,et al. A net volume equation for Michigan's Upper and Lower Peninsulas. , 1982 .
[135] Nicholas L. Crookston,et al. User's guide to the stand prognosis model / , 1982 .
[136] J. Bockheim,et al. Deterioration of trembling aspen clones in the Great Lakes region , 1981 .
[137] Gene E. Likens,et al. Pattern and Process in a Forested Ecosystem , 1980 .
[138] E. Jantsch. The self-organizing universe : scientific and human implications of the emerging paradigm of evolution , 1980 .
[139] A. Cooperrider,et al. Simulation of forest dynamics and deer browse production. , 1980 .
[140] J. Aber,et al. Predicting the effects of different harvesting regimes on productivity and yield in northern hardwoods , 1979 .
[141] M. Huston. A General Hypothesis of Species Diversity , 1979, The American Naturalist.
[142] Francis D. Hole,et al. An approach to landscape analysis with emphasis on soils , 1978 .
[143] B. C. Patten,et al. Systems Analysis and Simulation in Ecology , 1978, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.
[144] Soil Water Depletion After Four years of Forest Regrowth in SouthWestern Wisconsin , 1978 .
[145] Richard Brewer,et al. Wind Throw and Tree Replacement in a Climax Beech-Maple Forest , 1978 .
[146] G. Likens,et al. Nitrogen Budget for an Aggrading Northern Hardwood Forest Ecosystem , 1977, Science.
[147] C. Tubbs. Natural regeneration of northern hardwoods in the northern Great Lakes Region. , 1977 .
[148] C. Lorimer. THE PRESETTLEMENT FOREST AND NATURAL DISTURBANCE CYCLE OF NORTHEASTERN MAINE , 1977 .
[149] J. Zavitkovski,et al. Ground Vegetation Biomass, Production, and Efficiency of Energy Utilization in Some Northern Wisconsin Forest Ecosystems , 1976 .
[150] J. Tappeiner,et al. Undergrowth vegetation effects on the nutrient content of litterfall and soils in red pine and birch stands in Northern Minnesota. , 1975 .
[151] S. Jørgensen,et al. Movement rules for individual-based models of stream fish , 1999 .
[152] G. Weinberg. An Introduction to General Systems Thinking , 1975 .
[153] W. Scott Overton. 6 – The Ecosystem Modeling Approach in the Coniferous Forest Biome* , 1975 .
[154] J. Henry,et al. RECONSTRUCTING FOREST HISTORY FROM LIVE AND DEAD PLANT MATERIAL AN APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF FOREST SUCCESSION IN SOUTHWEST NEW HAMPSHIRE , 1974 .
[155] Alan R. Ek,et al. Optimizing the Management of Uneven-aged Forest Stands , 1974 .
[156] P. Marks,et al. THE ROLE OF PIN CHERRY (PRUNUS PENSYLVANICA L.) IN THE MAINTENANCE OF STABILITY IN NORTHERN , 1974 .
[157] J. M. Hett,et al. Forest Succession Models: A Rationale and Methodology for Modeling Forest Succession over Large Regions , 1973 .
[158] D. G. Henry. Foliar Nutrient Concentrations of Some Minnesota Forest Species , 1973 .
[159] Howard Hunt Pattee,et al. Hierarchy Theory: The Challenge of Complex Systems , 1973 .
[160] G. Likens,et al. Nutrient Content of Litter Fall on the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire , 1972 .
[161] J. R. Wallis,et al. Some ecological consequences of a computer model of forest growth , 1972 .
[162] ANNUAL TREE-LITTER PRODUCTION BY SUCCESSIONAL FOREST STANDS, JUNEAU, ALASKA' , 1971 .
[163] G. Likens,et al. The Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study: Productivity, Nutrients, and Phytosociology of the Herbaceous Layer , 1970 .
[164] O. Loucks,et al. Herbaceous Response to Canopy Cover, Light Intensity, and Throughfall Precipitation in Coniferous Forests , 1969 .
[165] S. Wilde,et al. WEEDS AS A FACTOR DEPRESSING FOREST GROWTH , 1968 .
[166] W. C. Tierson,et al. Influence of White-Tailed Deer on the Logged Northern Hardwood Forest , 1966 .
[167] L. W. Gysel. Ecology of a Red Pine (Pinus Resinosa) Plantation in Michigan , 1966 .
[168] T. C. Chamberlin. The Method of Multiple Working Hypotheses: With this method the dangers of parental affection for a favorite theory can be circumvented. , 1965, Science.
[169] J. Platt. Strong Inference: Certain systematic methods of scientific thinking may produce much more rapid progress than others. , 1964, Science.
[170] A. J. Panshin,et al. Textbook of Wood Technology , 1964 .
[171] E. M. Christensen. Classification of the Winter Habitats of the White‐Tailed Deer in Northern Wisconsin Based on Forest Ordination , 1962 .
[172] E. W. Beals,et al. Influence of deer on vegetation of the Apostle Islands, Wisconsin. , 1960 .
[173] R. Curtis,et al. Some effects of stand density and deer browsing on reproduction in an Adirondack hardwood stand , 1958 .
[174] S. A. Graham. Results of deer exclosure experiments in the Ottawa National Forest , 1958 .
[175] L. W. Krefting,et al. Effect of Deer Browsing on Reproduction in the Northern Hardwood-Hemlock Type in Northeastern Wisconsin , 1957 .
[176] Earl P. Stephens. The Uprooting of Trees: A Forest Process1 , 1956 .
[177] J. H. Stoeckeler,et al. Regeneration of Aspen Cutover Areas in Northern Wisconsin , 1956 .
[178] J. Feibleman. THEORY OF INTEGRATIVE LEVELS* , 1954, The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.
[179] H. Hansen,et al. Characteristics of Black Spruce Seed from Cones of Different Ages , 1952 .
[180] A. J. Sharp,et al. Textbook of Dendrology , 1960 .
[181] M. L. Heinselman,et al. Damage to natural reproduction by deer browsing. , 1950 .
[182] P. Zehngraff. Aspen as a Forest Crop in the Lake States , 1949 .
[183] J. D. Curtis. Some Observations on Wind Damage , 1943 .
[184] R. F. Chandler,et al. The nitrogen nutrition and growth of certain deciduous trees of Northeastern United States, with a discussion of the principles and practice of leaf analysis as applied to forest trees. , 1939 .
[185] T. C. Chamberlin. The Method of Multiple Working Hypotheses , 1931, The Journal of Geology.
[186] G. Pearson. Light and Moisture in Forestry , 1930 .