Semiconductor Particles and Arrays for the Photoelectrochemical Utilization of Solar Energy

The principles of the design of integrated chemical systems based on semiconductor materials for the photoelectrochemical utilization of solar energy to drive useful chemical reactions are described. The use of different support materials, such as Nafion and silica, to prepare particulate systems is discussed. Systems with very small (“Q-”) particles are described. Charging of these particles is proposed as an important factor in the determination of particle energetics (optical band gap and potentials of photogenerated electrons and holes). Semiconductor arrays, with a number of junctions in series to provide higher driving potentials, are discussed, and two systems for the photosplitting of water to hydrogen and oxygen are described.

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