Modified Flyback for HID Lamp Supply: Design, Modeling, and Control

This paper presents an electronic ballast for driving high intensity discharge (HID) lamps with low frequency square waveform from a dc supply. From the dc source (e.g., PFC rail), a flyback arrangement is inserted into a switching structure whose output provides low frequency voltage yet avoiding instability issues. Proposal's main advantage is the use of one single choke of simple assembly and only two active switches for current control and inversion. Converter design for DCM is presented in this work, besides an equivalent circuit from a control point of view. Small signal ac model is obtained and a feedback control loop is designed, based upon frequency response stability and performance analysis. HID dynamics is inserted into converter model, with feedback directly implemented. A prototype is presented and described in detail, consisting of a complete power and sensing circuit fully referenced to the switches common ground proposal. For design conformity, experimental and simulation results from Matlab and PSIM are presented, as well as discussions about the converter feasibility.

[1]  Jian Sun,et al.  Averaged modeling of PWM converters operating in discontinuous conduction mode , 2001 .

[2]  Nicola Femia,et al.  State-space models and order reduction for DC-DC switching converters in discontinuous modes , 1995 .

[3]  Slobodan Cuk,et al.  Negative incremental impedance and stability of fluorescent lamps , 1997, Proceedings of APEC 97 - Applied Power Electronics Conference.

[4]  J. Cardesin,et al.  Small-signal modeling of discharge lamps through step response and its application to low-frequency square-waveform electronic ballasts , 2006, Twenty-First Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2006. APEC '06..

[5]  Jo Olsen,et al.  Experimental and Simulated Straightening of Metal Halide Arcs Using Power Modulation , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[6]  Tsai-Fu Wu,et al.  Unified approach to developing single-stage power converters , 1998 .

[7]  Walter Kaiser,et al.  An Alternative Optical Method for Acoustic Resonance Detection in HID Lamps , 2009, 2009 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.

[8]  M. Rico-Secades,et al.  Acoustic Resonance Characterization of Low-Wattage Metal-Halide Lamps Under Low-Frequency Square-Waveform Operation , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[9]  Marco A Dalla Costa,et al.  Electronic Ballasts for HID Lamps , 2011, IEEE Industry Applications Magazine.

[10]  Marco A. Dalla Costa,et al.  Microcontroller-Based High-Power-Factor Electronic Ballast to Supply Metal Halide Lamps , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[12]  S. Ben-Yaakov,et al.  Dynamic interaction analysis of HF ballasts and fluorescent lamps based on envelope simulation , 2001 .

[13]  Andressa C. Schittler,et al.  Interleaved buck converter applied to high power HID lamps supplying: Design, modeling and control , 2011, 2011 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.

[14]  P. N. Paraskevopoulos,et al.  Modern Control Engineering , 2001 .

[15]  Marco A. Dalla Costa,et al.  A Single-Stage High-Power-Factor Electronic Ballast Based on Integrated Buck Flyback Converter to Supply Metal Halide Lamps , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[16]  Katsuhiko Ogata,et al.  Discrete-time control systems , 1987 .

[17]  Zhaoming Qian,et al.  Design of a two-stage low-frequency square-wave electronic ballast for HID lamps , 2003 .

[18]  M. Shvartsas,et al.  Statics and dynamics of fluorescent lamps operating at high frequency: modeling and simulation , 1999, APEC '99. Fourteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. 1999 Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36285).

[19]  J. J. D. Groot,et al.  The High-Pressure Sodium Lamp , 1986 .