Low cost nanomechanical surfaces stress based sensors fabricated by hybrid materials

We present the fabrication of nanomechanical surface stress based transducers by using the nowadays knowns as smart materials, to achieve a power-free array of sensors that change their reflective color depending on the surface stress change induced on each sensor. Nanocomposite materials of elastomeric polymers and ordered nanoparticles embedded inside the polymer were chosen for the fabrication process. These composite materials, besides being cheap and easily fabricated in mass production, present a mechanochromic behavior producing a color change of the material when applying a deformation process mainly due to the change in the distance between nanoparticles. We have fabricated arrays of mechanochromic membranes by infiltrating colloidal photonic crystals of polystyrene nanoparticles with Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Hybrids PDMS and 3D or 2D colloidal photonic crystals were prepared, and compared its sensitivity to strain changes. The color, due to the Bragg diffraction (3D) or light scattering (2D), was analyzed by UV-visible spectrometry.

[1]  W. Schomburg,et al.  The design of metal strain gauges on diaphragms , 2004 .

[2]  Su Yeon Lee,et al.  Elastoplastic Inverse Opals as Power‐Free Mechanochromic Sensors for Force Recording , 2015 .

[3]  G. Stoney.  The Tension of Metallic Films Deposited by Electrolysis , 1909 .

[4]  T. Erber,et al.  Hysteresis and Fatigue , 1993 .

[5]  J. Baumberg,et al.  Revealing Invisible Photonic Inscriptions: Images from Strain , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[6]  Masayoshi Watanabe,et al.  A thermally adjustable multicolor photochromic hydrogel. , 2007, Angewandte Chemie.

[7]  Javier Tamayo,et al.  Optical sequential readout of microcantilever arrays for biological detection , 2005 .

[8]  Nicolas Vogel,et al.  Advances in colloidal assembly: the design of structure and hierarchy in two and three dimensions. , 2015, Chemical reviews.

[9]  Joanna Aizenberg,et al.  Structural colour in colourimetric sensors and indicators , 2013 .

[10]  Masakazu Aono,et al.  Two Dimensional Array of Piezoresistive Nanomechanical Membrane-Type Surface Stress Sensor(MSS) with Improved Sensitivity , 2012, Sensors.

[11]  Tatsunori Ito,et al.  Strain-responsive structural colored elastomers by fixing colloidal crystal assembly. , 2013, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[12]  T. Thundat,et al.  Real-time Detection of Breast Cancer Cells Using Peptide-functionalized Microcantilever Arrays , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[13]  B. Viel,et al.  Reversible Deformation of Opal Elastomers , 2007 .

[14]  Yongliang Ni,et al.  Reconfigurable photonic crystals enabled by pressure-responsive shape-memory polymers , 2015, Nature Communications.

[15]  Tsutomu Sawada,et al.  Photonic rubber sheets with tunable color by elastic deformation. , 2006, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[16]  C. O’Dwyer,et al.  Artificial opal photonic crystals and inverse opal structures – fundamentals and applications from optics to energy storage , 2015 .

[17]  Zhongyu Cai,et al.  Two-dimensional photonic crystal chemical and biomolecular sensors. , 2015, Analytical chemistry.

[18]  Daniele Zonta,et al.  Design and fabrication of mechanochromic photonic crystals as strain sensor , 2015, Smart Structures.

[19]  Xuejuan Chen,et al.  Aptamer-based microcantilever array biosensor for detection of fumonisin B-1 , 2015 .

[20]  Laura M Lechuga,et al.  Microcantilever-based platforms as biosensing tools. , 2010, The Analyst.

[21]  Yoshikazu Tanaka,et al.  Smart photonic coating as a new visualization technique of strain deformation of metal plates , 2012, Smart Structures.

[22]  Katharina Landfester,et al.  A Convenient Method to Produce Close- and Non-close-Packed Monolayers using Direct Assembly at the Air-Water Interface and Subsequent Plasma-Induced Size Reduction , 2011 .