THE ISSUE OF STYLISTIC CONSISTENCIES IN COGNITION

Spearman's notions of mental energy and mental span presage modern conceptions of attentional resources and working memory as fundamental to intelligence. Viewing attention as the conative directing of the intellect, as "the application of intellectual energy," Spearman's quantitative law of mental span deals with limits on the allocation of attention. Because attentional resources are salient in both historical and current conceptions of intelligence, the occurrence of multiple and alternative modes of attention complicates these theories. Moreover, such consistent individual differences in attentional mode have important implications for the theory and measurement of cognitive processing more generally. Specifically, two broad bipolar factors have been identified that contrast sharp-focus versus broad-focus scanning and signal versus information scanning. These stylistic factors are linked to personality and reflect not only the enhancement of information processing in the focus of attention, but also the possibility of parallel processing in the fringe invoking the potential need for active inhibition of distracting or competing processes--points that were also anticipated by Spearman. (Contains 63 references.) (Author) ********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** R E S E A R C H R E 0 R T U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Trus document has been reproduced as recenred from the person or orgamsation ongmahng a 0 'Amor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality Points of new opmmns stated in tens docuwent do not necessarily represent OthCIal OE RI position or policy -PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY -1. /9 one TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) RR-93-43 HUMAN ABILITIES AND MODES OF ATTENTION: THE ISSUE OF STYLISTIC CONSISTENCIES IN COGNITION

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