Aperiodic stochastic resonance.

Stochastic resonance (SR) is a phenomenon wherein the response of a nonlinear system to a weak periodic input signal is optimized by the presence of a particular level of noise. Recently, we presented a method and theory for characterizing SR-type behavior in excitable systems with aperiodic (i.e., broadband) input signals [Phys. Rev. E 52, R3321(1995)]. We coined the term aperiodic stochastic resonance (ASR) to describe this general type of behavior. In that earlier study, we demonstrated ASR in the FitzHugh-Nagumo neuronal model. Here we demonstrate ASR in three additional systems: a bistable-well system, an integrate-and-fire neuronal model, and the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) neuronal model. We present computational and theoretical results for each system. In the context of the HH model, we develop a general theory for ASR in excitable membranes. This work clearly shows that SR-type behavior is not limited to systems with periodic inputs. Thus, in general, noise can serve to enhance the response of a nonlinear system to a weak input signal, regardless of whether the signal is periodic or aperiodic. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

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