Proposed Neurobiological Processes Associated with Models of Vertebral Subluxation: Dysafferentation, Dyskinesia, Dysponesis, Dysautonomia, Neuroplasticity and Ephaptic Transmission

Vertebral subluxations are changes in the position or motion of a vertebra, which result in the interference with nerve function [1]. As Lantz [2] noted, “Common to all concepts of subluxation are some form of kinesiologic dysfunction and some form of neurologic involvement.” According to Stephenson’s 1927 definition [3], vertebral subluxation is: “the condition of a vertebra that has lost its proper juxtaposition with the one above the one below, or both; to an extent less than a luxation; which impinges nerves and interferes with the transmission of mental impulses.”

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