Conceptualizing Hybrid Human-Machine Systems and Interaction

The synthetic hybridization between humans and machines has reached a new level in recent decades being a result of the increasing convergence of technologies and advances in different scientific fields. Human-machine interfaces are becoming not only multi-modal, but also shift within the physiology of the human, thereby also shifting the boundaries between the human and the machine and posing new opportunities and challenges for systems design and integration that demand for more holistic perspectives. After an overview of the evolution of machines and human-tool interaction this article conceptualizes human-machine systems as task-centered distributed physio-cognitive systems based on theoretical thoughts on perception, form, types of interaction and related interaction loops.

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