An experimental investigation of drop deformation and breakup in steady, two-dimensional linear flows

We consider the deformation and burst of small fluid droplets in steady linear, two-dimensional motions of a second immiscible fluid. Experiments using a computer-controlled, four-roll mill to investigate the effect of flow type are described, and the results compared with predictions of several available asymptotic deformation and burst theories, as well as numerical calculations. The comparison clarifies the range of validity of the theories, and demonstrates that they provide quite adequate predictions over a wide range of viscosity ratio, capillary number, and flow type.

[1]  R. G. Cox,et al.  Particle motions in sheared suspensions XXVII. Transient and steady deformation and burst of liquid drops , 1972 .

[2]  Andreas Acrivos,et al.  Steady long slender droplets in two-dimensional straining motion , 1979, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[3]  Andreas Acrivos,et al.  THE BREAKUP OF SMALL DROPS AND BUBBLES IN SHEAR FLOWS * , 1983 .

[4]  J. Buckmaster.  The Bursting of Pointed Drops in Slow Viscous Flow , 1973 .

[5]  Andreas Acrivos,et al.  The constitutive equation for a dilute emulsion , 1970, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[6]  Geoffrey Ingram Taylor,et al.  The Viscosity of a Fluid Containing Small Drops of Another Fluid , 1932 .

[7]  G. I. Taylor.  Conical free surfaces and fluid interfaces , 1966 .

[8]  W. R. Schowalter,et al.  The effects of shear and vorticity on deformation of a drop , 1980, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[9]  Andreas Acrivos,et al.  Deformation and burst of a liquid droplet freely suspended in a linear shear field , 1973, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[10]  A. Acrivos,et al.  On the shape of a gas bubble in a viscous extensional flow , 1976, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[11]  H. Giesekus.  Strömungen mit konstantem Geschwindigkeitsgradienten und die Bewegung von darin suspendierten Teilchen , 1962 .

[12]  S. G. Mason,et al.  PARTICLE MOTIONS IN SHEARED SUSPENSIONS: XVI. ORIENTATIONS OF RODS AND DISKS IN HYPERBOLIC AND OTHER FLOWS , 1965 .

[13]  A. Acrivos,et al.  The rheology of suspensions and its relation to phenomenological theories for non-newtonian fluids , 1973 .

[14]  H. P. Grace.  DISPERSION PHENOMENA IN HIGH VISCOSITY IMMISCIBLE FLUID SYSTEMS AND APPLICATION OF STATIC MIXERS AS DISPERSION DEVICES IN SUCH SYSTEMS , 1982 .

[15]  R. G. Cox.  The deformation of a drop in a general time-dependent fluid flow , 1969, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[16]  J. Buckmaster.  Pointed bubbles in slow viscous flow , 1972, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[17]  Andreas Acrivos,et al.  Deformation and breakup of a single slender drop in an extensional flow , 1978, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[18]  J. M. Rallison.  The Deformation of Small Viscous Drops and Bubbles in Shear Flows , 1984 .

[19]  J. M. Rallison.  A numerical study of the deformation and burst of a viscous drop in general shear flows , 1981, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[20]  A. Acrivos,et al.  A numerical study of the deformation and burst of a viscous drop in an extensional flow , 1978, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[21]  Andreas Acrivos,et al.  Long slender drops in a simple shear flow , 1980, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[22]  S. G. Mason,et al.  Particle motions in sheared suspensions XII. Deformation and burst of fluid drops in shear and hyperbolic flow , 1961 .

[23]  Howard Brenner,et al.  Particle motions in sheared suspensions , 1959 .

[24]  L. G. Leal,et al.  Flow birefringence of concentrated polymer solutions in two‐dimensional flows , 1981 .

[25]  L. G. Leal,et al.  A computer-controlled four-roll mill for investigations of particle and drop dynamics in two-dimensional linear shear flows , 1986, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[26]  H. Brenner,et al.  Particle motions in sheared suspensions , 1959 .

[27]  Geoffrey Ingram Taylor,et al.  The formation of emulsions in definable fields of flow , 1934 .

[28]  J. M. Rallison.  Note on the time-dependent deformation of a viscous drop which is almost spherical , 1980, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.