Design and Feasibility Analysis of Microscale Bumped Channel With Supersonic Flow for Electronics Cooling

In this paper, microchannel heat sink cooling device utilizing supersonic gas flow with isentropic expansion has been designed and analyzed. The objective is to study the feasibility of the supersonic microchannel with bumped section design for electronics cooling. Numerical simulations on the designed microchannel flows and heat transfer analysis have been conducted (in conjunction with a supersonic air flow inside a heated fin array) and compared with experimental results in this paper. The performance of the designed microchannel is also compared with traditional Laval nozzles for the feasibility analysis. Under 350 and 330 K inlet temperature conditions, the calculated Nu number is found higher than pure through channel flows. The supersonic expanding flow is successfully generated with lower heat transfer temperatures and a simpler geometric shape. The design of 100-300 μm is found to have highest heat transfer for integrated microchannel width selection. For electronics cooling tests, the newly designed supersonic channel is found sufficient for a cooling capacity around 1.4 MW/m2. In addition, the supersonic flow and heat transfer characteristics are also discussed into detail in this paper.

[1]  S. Brodsky.  Supersonic Nozzle Design , 1970 .

[2]  Gary S. Settles,et al.  Detailed Study of Attached and Separated Compression Corner Flowfields in High Reynolds Number Supersonic Flow , 1979 .

[3]  R. Pease,et al.  High-performance heat sinking for VLSI , 1981, IEEE Electron Device Letters.

[4]  Issam Mudawar,et al.  High flux boiling in low flow rate, low pressure drop mini-channel and micro-channel heat sinks , 1994 .

[5]  Jay N. Zemel,et al.  Gas flow in micro-channels , 1995, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[6]  G. Peterson,et al.  Experimental investigation of heat transfer in flat plates with rectangular microchannels , 1995 .

[7]  Taku Ohara,et al.  OVERALL PERFORMANCE OF HEAT SINK-FAN/PUMP UNIT AND ITS OPTIMUM DESIGN , 1996 .

[8]  Said I. Abdel-Khalik,et al.  An experimental investigation of single-phase forced convection in microchannels , 1998 .

[9]  Man Wong,et al.  Phase change in microchannel heat sinks with integrated temperature sensors , 1999 .

[10]  Dongqing Li,et al.  Flow characteristics of water in microtubes , 1999 .

[11]  William W. Liou,et al.  Heat transfer in microchannel devices using DSMC , 2001 .

[12]  Arun S. Mujumdar,et al.  Flow and heat transfer for gas flowing in microchannels: a review , 2002 .

[13]  Mohammad Faghri,et al.  Effect of compressibility on gaseous flows in micro-channels , 2002 .

[14]  Zhaohui Yao,et al.  Size effect on gas flow in micro nozzles , 2005 .

[15]  J. Meyer,et al.  Constructal cooling channels for micro-channel heat sinks , 2007 .

[16]  Masahiro Inoue,et al.  Heat Transfer in Minichannel Gaseous Cooling , 2007 .

[17]  Michael W. Collins,et al.  Single-phase heat transfer in microchannels The importance of scaling effects , 2009 .

[18]  Jackson Braz Marcinichen,et al.  Cooling of microprocessors with micro-evaporation: A novel two-phase cooling cycle , 2010 .

[19]  E. Pop.  Energy dissipation and transport in nanoscale devices , 2010, 1003.4058.

[20]  Jackson Braz Marcinichen,et al.  On-chip two-phase cooling of datacenters: Cooling system and energy recovery evaluation , 2012 .

[21]  Shigenao Maruyama,et al.  Analysis of Evaporative Heat Transfer by Expansion Bubble in a Microchannel for High Heat Flux Cooling , 2012 .

[22]  Shigenao Maruyama,et al.  Numerical investigation of near-critical fluid convective flow mixing in microchannels , 2013 .

[23]  R. Radebaugh,et al.  The Development of Polymer-Based Planar Microcryogenic Coolers , 2013, Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems.

[24]  Victor M. Bright,et al.  A Monolithic Polyimide Micro Cryogenic Cooler: Design, Fabrication, and Test , 2014, Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems.

[25]  Shigenao Maruyama,et al.  Abnormal microchannel convective fluid flow near the gas–liquid critical point , 2014 .

[26]  Chen Li,et al.  Single- and Two-Phase Thermal Transport in Microchannels With Embedded Staggered Herringbone Mixers , 2014, Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems.

[27]  J. Okajima,et al.  Preliminary experiment of supersonic micro-channel gas flow visualization by using Interferometer , 2014 .

[28]  Mostafa Safdari Shadloo,et al.  Statistical behavior of supersonic turbulent boundary layers with heat transfer at M∞=2 , 2015 .