CogLEACH: A spectrum aware clustering protocol for cognitive radio sensor networks

The integration of cognitive radios and wireless sensor networks enables a new paradigm of communication in which, sensor nodes can avoid heavily crowded transmission bands by tuning their transmission parameters to less crowded bands thanks to the cognitive radio capabilities. In such setting, sensor nodes act as a secondary user, opportunistically accessing vacant channels within a band originally licensed to a primary user. In this paper, we discuss the problem of how to cluster cognitive radio sensor nodes in a dynamic frequency environment set by the primary users. We introduce Cognitive LEACH (CogLEACH), which is a spectrum-aware extension of the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol. CogLEACH is a fast, decentralized, spectrum-aware, and energy efficient clustering protocol for cognitive radio sensor networks. CogLEACH uses the number of vacant channels as a weight in the probability of each node to become a cluster head. We show that CogLEACH improves the throughput and lifetime of the network compared to the regular LEACH protocol that is operating in the same settings.

[1]  Simon Haykin,et al.  Cognitive radio: brain-empowered wireless communications , 2005, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[2]  Ossama Younis,et al.  HEED: a hybrid, energy-efficient, distributed clustering approach for ad hoc sensor networks , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing.

[3]  Azer Bestavros,et al.  SEP: A Stable Election Protocol for clustered heterogeneous wireless sensor networks , 2004 .

[4]  Özgür B. Akan,et al.  Cognitive radio sensor networks , 2009, IEEE Network.

[5]  Özgür B. Akan,et al.  Spectrum-aware cluster-based routing for cognitive radio sensor networks , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[6]  Anantha P. Chandrakasan,et al.  An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks , 2002, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[7]  Xiaoyuan Li,et al.  Dynamic spectrum access with packet size adaptation and residual energy balancing for energy-constrained cognitive radio sensor networks , 2014, Journal of Network and Computer Applications.

[8]  Xiaoming Chen,et al.  Distributed Spectrum-Aware Clustering in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks , 2011, 2011 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference - GLOBECOM 2011.

[9]  Loukas Lazos,et al.  Graph-based criteria for spectrum-aware clustering in cognitive radio networks , 2012, Ad hoc networks.

[10]  Χαράλαμπος Κωνσταντόπουλος,et al.  Clustering in wireless sensor networks , 2015 .

[11]  A. Motamedi,et al.  MAC Protocol Design for Spectrum-agile Wireless Networks: Stochastic Control Approach , 2007, 2007 2nd IEEE International Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks.