The Use of Activated Carbons with Basic Properties for the Treatment of 2-Chlorophenol

A range of basic activated carbons was prepared from single cultivar Jordanian olive stones and their chemical composition, textural properties and surface groups investigated. One of the samples was de-ashed and then oxidized using concentrated nitric acid to study the effects of inorganic content and surface oxidation on its adsorption capacity towards 2-chlorophenol (2-CP). Commercial samples with combined acidic and basic properties were also tested with respect to 2-CP adsorption. An attempt was made to correlate the total basicity with the adsorption constants of the Langmuir equation and with other properties. These properties included burn-off, apparent surface area, micropore volume, total pore volume and Methylene Blue (MB) adsorption surface area. The total basicity had no relationship with any adsorption parameter. However, total basicity was found to have a relationship with the total pore volume, the micropore volume, MB adsorption and burn-off. The BET surface area showed only a very weak relationship with the total basicity. Burn-off had a relationship with the relative affinity of the adsorbate and the surface and Langmuir constants, but not with the adsorption capacity. De-ashing the sample using HF/HCl decreased the total basicity and MB adsorption but increased the total acidity and the capacity towards 2-CP uptake. The mineral contents of both prepared and commercial samples were analyzed and found to play no role in the adsorption of 2-CP.

[1]  J. J. Pis,et al.  Influence of oxygen-containing functional groups on active carbon adsorption of selected organic compounds , 2002 .

[2]  J. J. Pis,et al.  Effect of texture and surface chemistry on adsorptive capacities of activated carbons for phenolic compounds removal , 2002 .

[3]  H. Boehm.,et al.  Surface oxides on carbon and their analysis: a critical assessment , 2002 .

[4]  P. Galiatsatou,et al.  Mesoporous Activated Carbon from Agricultural Byproducts , 2001 .

[5]  M. Martínez-Escandell,et al.  CO2 activation of olive stones carbonized under pressure , 2001 .

[6]  M. Srinivasan,et al.  ADSORPTION AND DESORPTION OF PHENOLS AND DYES ON MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS ACTIVATED CARBONS , 2000 .

[7]  T. Albanis,et al.  Adsorption-Desorption Studies of Selected Chlorophenols and Herbicides and Metal Release in Soil Mixtures with Fly Ash , 1998 .

[8]  R. Vidic,et al.  Impact of surface properties of activated carbons on oxidative coupling of phenolic compounds , 1997 .

[9]  N. Pinto,et al.  Effects of surface properties of activated carbons on adsorption behavior of selected aromatics , 1997 .

[10]  T. Otowa,et al.  Development of KOH activated high surface area carbon and its application to drinking water purification , 1997 .

[11]  F. Cannon,et al.  GAC: pore structure versus dye adsorption , 1996 .

[12]  F. Rodríguez-Reinoso,et al.  Effect of steam and carbon dioxide activation in the micropore size distribution of activated carbon , 1996 .

[13]  H. Tamon,et al.  Influence of acidic surface oxides of activated carbon on gas adsorption characteristics , 1996 .

[14]  E. Arvin,et al.  Factors affecting sorption of pentachlorophenol to suspended microbial biomass , 1996 .

[15]  H. Boehm.,et al.  Some aspects of the surface chemistry of carbon blacks and other carbons , 1994 .

[16]  M. Molina-Sabio,et al.  Steam activation of olive stone chars, development of porosity , 1994 .

[17]  Anthony V. Bridgwater,et al.  Advances in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion , 1993 .

[18]  M. Suidan,et al.  Effect of Dissolved Oxygen on Phenols Breakthrough from GAC Adsorbers , 1992 .

[19]  E. Diamadopoulos,et al.  The Effect of Activated Carbon Properties on the Adsorption of Toxic Substances , 1992 .

[20]  J. Potgieter.  Adsorption of methylene blue on activated carbon: An experiment illustrating both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms , 1991 .

[21]  J. Donnet,et al.  Contribution to the study of basic surface groups on carbons , 1987 .

[22]  L. K. Mudge,et al.  Fundamentals of thermochemical biomass conversion , 1985 .

[23]  F. Rodríguez-Reinoso,et al.  Preparation and characterization of active carbons from olive stones , 1980 .

[24]  S. J. Gregg,et al.  Adsorption Surface Area and Porosity , 1967 .