Quantitative Mapping of Ocular Oxygenation Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Retinal hypoxia is hypothesized to initiate angiogenesis, a leading cause of blindness in developed countries. Attempts to test this hypothesis suffer from the need to use highly invasive oxygen electrodes. In this communication, noninvasive and quantitative mapping of ocular oxygenation using magnetic resonance imaging is demonstrated for the first time.

[1]  S. Vijayakumar,et al.  Effects of hyperoxia on T  2* and resonance frequency weighted magnetic resonance images of rodent tumours , 1994, NMR in biomedicine.

[2]  Y Honda,et al.  Comparative study of vitreous oxygen tension in human and rabbit eyes. , 1989, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[3]  E. Stefánsson,et al.  The effect of photocoagulation on the oxygenation and ultrastructure of avascular retina. , 1990, Experimental eye research.

[4]  D M Kramer,et al.  Preliminary experimental results in humans and animals with a superconducting, whole-body, nuclear magnetic resonance scanner. , 1982, Radiology.

[5]  R. Linsenmeier,et al.  Effects of hyperoxia on the oxygen distribution in the intact cat retina. , 1989, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[6]  Rick S. Blum,et al.  Estimation of retinal oxygen transients from measurements made in the vitreous humor , 1981 .

[7]  P. Joseph,et al.  Ocular MR imaging and spectroscopy: an ex vivo study. , 1986, Radiology.

[8]  A. Hopkins,et al.  Multiple field strength in vivo T1 and T2 for cerebrospinal fluid protons , 1986, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[9]  E. de Juan,et al.  The effect of intraocular silicone oil on anterior chamber oxygen pressure in cats. , 1986, Archives of ophthalmology.

[10]  P. Tofts,et al.  Accurate and precise measurement of blood-retinal barrier breakdown using dynamic Gd-DTPA MRI. , 1992, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[11]  J. Gore,et al.  Relaxation Rate Enhancement Observed in Vivo By NMR Imaging , 1981 .

[12]  C. A. Wilson,et al.  Oxygen kinetics in the vitreous substitute perfluorotributylamine: a 19F NMR study in vivo. , 1991, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[13]  P. S. Tofts,et al.  Rapid Measurement of Capillary Permeability Using the Early Part of the Dynamic Gd-DTPA MRI Enhancement Curve , 1993 .

[14]  P. Tofts,et al.  Effect of vitreous fluidity on the measurement of blood‐retinal barrier permeability using contrast‐enhanced MRI , 1994, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[15]  H. Cheng Magnetic resonance imaging of the human eye in vivo. , 1991, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[16]  R. S. Hinks,et al.  Spin‐echo and gradient‐echo epi of human brain activation using bold contrast: A comparative study at 1.5 T , 1994, NMR in biomedicine.

[17]  B. Rosen,et al.  Dynamic imaging with lanthanide chelates in normal brain: Contrast due to magnetic susceptibility effects , 1988, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[18]  M. E. Mirhej PROTON SPIN RELAXATION BY PARAMAGNETIC MOLECULAR OXYGEN , 1965 .

[19]  G. Chiarotti,et al.  Proton relaxation in pure liquids and in liquids containing paramagnetic gases in solution , 1955 .