Sustainable development of road transportation sector using hydrogen energy system

This study reviews the main problems of high air pollution levels at many urban cities and sustainability of the transportation fuels, and addressing their control measures using hydrogen energy system. In the world, majority of the transportation vehicle fleets consume the fuels derived from fossil resources. The development of economy activities indicate the increase in transportation services resulting in increased fuel consumption and high emissions, especially unregulated emission carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas (GHG). Therefore, utilization of hydrogen as fuel in vehicle fleet would improve energy security and reduce the GHG emission. A feasibility of hydrogen energy system, which includes its resources, production technologies, storage, fuel transportation, dispensing and utilization, is analysed for the road transportation sector.

[1]  K. C. Noh,et al.  Controlling Backfire for a Hydrogen-Fueled Engine Using External Mixture Injection , 2008 .

[2]  Nigel P. Brandon,et al.  Optimal transition towards a large-scale hydrogen infrastructure for the transport sector: The case , 2011 .

[3]  Robert J. Natkin,et al.  Ford 6.8L Hydrogen IC Engine for the E-450 Shuttle Van , 2007 .

[4]  D. C. North,et al.  An investigation of hydrogen as an internal combustion fuel , 1992 .

[5]  Baris Ozerdem,et al.  An experimental study on performance and emission characteristics of a hydrogen fuelled spark ignition engine , 2007 .

[6]  G. Nagarajan,et al.  Experimental investigation of hydrogen port fuel injection in DI diesel engine , 2007 .

[7]  Roger Sierens,et al.  Hydrogen fuelled internal combustion engines , 2004 .

[8]  K. A. Subramanian,et al.  Alternative fuels for transportation vehicles: A technical review , 2013 .

[9]  James F. Miller,et al.  Challenges for fuel cells in transport applications , 2000 .

[10]  C. S. Pinto,et al.  Licensing a fuel cell bus and a hydrogen fueling station in Brazil , 2013 .

[11]  Anna Björklund,et al.  Hydrogen as a transportation fuel produced from thermal gasification of municipal solid waste: an examination of two integrated technologies , 2001 .

[12]  Hana Yi,et al.  Performance evaluation and emission characteristics of in-cylinder injection type hydrogen fueled engine , 1996 .

[13]  J. Ivy,et al.  Summary of Electrolytic Hydrogen Production: Milestone Completion Report , 2004 .

[14]  P. L. Spath,et al.  Life cycle assessment of a biomass gasification combined-cycle power system , 1997 .

[15]  H. B. Mathur,et al.  Performance and emission characteristics of hydrogen fueled spark ignition engine , 1984 .

[16]  Li Zhou,et al.  Progress and problems in hydrogen storage methods , 2005 .

[17]  Matthias Peter Nowak,et al.  Pathways to a hydrogen fuel infrastructure in Norway , 2010 .

[18]  P. Goyal,et al.  Various methods of emission estimation of vehicular traffic in delhi , 1998 .

[19]  Zhaohong He,et al.  Study on using hydrogen and ammonia as fuels: Combustion characteristics and NOx formation , 2014 .

[20]  L. M. Das,et al.  Exhaust gas recirculation for Nox control in a multicylinder hydrogen-supplemented S.I. engine , 1993 .

[21]  J. V. van Oijen,et al.  Comparison and evaluation of methods for the determination of flammability limits, applied to methane/hydrogen/air mixtures. , 2008, Journal of hazardous materials.

[22]  M. Sastri,et al.  Hydrogen energy research and development in India—an overview , 1987 .

[23]  Nazmiye Balta-Ozkan,et al.  Spatial development of hydrogen economy in a low-carbon UK energy system , 2013 .

[24]  Aymeric Rousseau,et al.  Prospects on fuel economy improvements for hydrogen powered vehicles. , 2008 .

[25]  K. A. Subramanian,et al.  Use of Hydrogen Peroxide to Improve the Performance and Reduce Emissions of a CI Engine Fuelled with Water Diesel Emulsions , 2008 .

[26]  W. F. Stewart,et al.  Operating experience with a liquid-hydrogen fueled buick and refueling system , 1984 .

[27]  G. Nagarajan,et al.  Emission and performance characteristics of neat ethanol fuelled Dl diesel engine , 2002 .

[28]  H. S. Homan,et al.  Performance and emissions of hydrogen fueled internal combustion engines , 1976 .

[29]  R. L. Woolley,et al.  Water induction in hydrogen-powered IC engines , 1977 .

[30]  M. Deluchi,et al.  Hydrogen vehicles: an evaluation of fuel storage, performance, safety, environmental impacts, and cost , 1989 .

[31]  S. Verhelst,et al.  Hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines , 2014 .

[32]  U. Bossel,et al.  The Future of the Hydrogen Economy: Bright or Bleak? , 2003 .

[33]  B. L. Salvi,et al.  Sustainability aspects and optimization of linseed biodiesel blends for compression ignition engine , 2012 .

[34]  Dennis Y.C. Leung,et al.  A review on hydrogen production using aluminum and aluminum alloys , 2009 .

[35]  Shoichi Furuhama,et al.  Development of a liquid hydrogen car , 1976 .

[36]  L. Das Hydrogen engines: A view of the past and a look into the future , 1990 .

[37]  B. Nagalingam,et al.  Performance study using natural gas, hydrogen-supplemented natural gas and hydrogen in AVL research engine , 1983 .

[38]  A. Borhan,et al.  High-temperature steam electrolysis: Technical and economic evaluation of alternative process designs , 1986 .

[39]  M. M. Roy,et al.  Performance and emission comparison of a supercharged dual-fuel engine fueled by producer gases with varying hydrogen content , 2009 .

[40]  I. Dincer Green methods for hydrogen production , 2012 .

[41]  A. Melis,et al.  Green alga hydrogen production: progress, challenges and prospects , 2002 .

[42]  K Pehr Safety concept of an engine test rig with liquid hydrogen supply , 1993 .

[43]  Marika Murto,et al.  Biohydrogen production from wheat straw hydrolysate using Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus followed by biogas production in a two-step uncoupled process , 2013 .

[44]  T. Krepec,et al.  Fuel control systems for hydrogen-fueled automotive combustion engines—a prognosis , 1984 .

[45]  J. Naber,et al.  Hydrogen combustion under diesel engine conditions , 1998 .

[46]  K. A. Subramanian,et al.  Alternative Transportation Fuels: Utilisation in Combustion Engines , 2013 .

[47]  J. Gore,et al.  A Review of Heat Transfer Issues in Hydrogen Storage Technologies , 2005 .

[48]  Kwang Min Chun,et al.  Investigation of the effects of hydrogen on cylinder pressure in a split-injection diesel engine at , 2011 .

[49]  Tzimas Evangelos,et al.  Hydrogen Storage: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspective. , 2003 .

[50]  Art MacCarley,et al.  Electronic fuel injection techniques for hydrogen powered i.c. engines , 1980 .

[51]  Zuo-yu Sun,et al.  Research and development of hydrogen fuelled engines in China , 2012 .

[52]  L. M. Das,et al.  Fuel induction techniques for a hydrogen operated engine , 1990 .

[53]  Osama H. Ghazal,et al.  A comparative evaluation of the performance of different fuel induction techniques for blends hydrogen–methane SI engine , 2013 .

[54]  Thomas Wallner,et al.  The Effects of Blending Hydrogen with Methane on Engine Operation, Efficiency, and Emissions , 2007 .

[55]  S. A. Sherif,et al.  An economic analysis of three hydrogen liquefaction systems , 1998 .

[56]  Thanh Cong Huynh,et al.  A study on realization of high performance without backfire in a hydrogen-fueled engine with externa , 2010 .

[57]  P. Moretto,et al.  Risk assessment of hydrogen explosion for private car with hydrogen-driven engine , 2011 .

[58]  V. Putsche,et al.  Survey of the Economics of Hydrogen Technologies , 1999 .

[59]  R. W. Vance,et al.  Applied cryogenic engineering , 1962 .

[60]  M. A. Rosen,et al.  Thermodynamic investigation of hydrogen production by steam-methane reforming , 1991 .

[61]  B. L. Salvi,et al.  Biodiesel resources and production technologies – A review , 2012 .

[62]  J. G. Hansel,et al.  Safety considerations in the design of hydrogen-powered vehicles , 1993 .

[63]  R. E. Billings,et al.  A hydrogen-powered mass transit system , 1978 .

[64]  Amela Ajanovic,et al.  On the economics of hydrogen from renewable energy sources as an alternative fuel in transport sector in Austria , 2008 .

[65]  Christopher J. Koroneos,et al.  HYDROGEN PRODUCTION VIA BIOMASS GASIFICATION-A LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT APPROACH , 2008 .

[66]  Philippe Menanteau,et al.  An economic analysis of the production of hydrogen from wind-generated electricity for use in transport applications , 2011 .

[67]  Maher A.R. Sadiq Al-Baghdadi,et al.  A prediction study of the effect of hydrogen blending on the performance and pollutants emission of a four stroke spark ignition engine , 1999 .

[68]  L. Das Hydrogen engine: research and development (R&D) programmes in Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi , 2002 .

[69]  Hailin Li,et al.  Hydrogen Fueled Spark-Ignition Engines Predictive and Experimental Performance , 2006 .

[70]  H. Buchner,et al.  Hydrogen use—transportation fuel , 1984 .

[71]  M. Gambino,et al.  Experimental and numerical study of hydrogen addition in a natural gas heavy duty engine for a bus vehicle , 2013 .

[72]  M. Balat Potential importance of hydrogen as a future solution to environmental and transportation problems , 2008 .

[73]  Harold Schock,et al.  Backfire prediction in a manifold injection hydrogen internal combustion engine , 2008 .

[74]  E. Maine,et al.  Techno-economic analysis of hydrogen production using FBMR technology , 2012, 2012 Proceedings of PICMET '12: Technology Management for Emerging Technologies.

[75]  Gustavo Collantes,et al.  The dimensions of the policy debate over transportation energy: The case of hydrogen in the United States , 2008 .

[76]  Michael Hirscher,et al.  Carbon nanostructures: An efficient hydrogen storage medium for fuel cells , 2001 .

[77]  L. M. Das,et al.  Safety aspects of a hydrogen-fuelled engine system development , 1991 .

[78]  M. M. Roy,et al.  Performance and emissions of a supercharged dual-fuel engine fueled by hydrogen-rich coke oven gas , 2009 .

[79]  K. A. Subramanian,et al.  Comparative evaluation of performance, emission, lubricant and deposit characteristics of spark ignition engine fueled with CNG and 18% hydrogen-CNG , 2012 .

[80]  Daniel Montané,et al.  Biomass to hydrogen via fast pyrolysis and catalytic steam reforming of the pyrolysis oil or its fractions , 1996 .

[81]  W Peschka,et al.  Hydrogen: The future cryofuel in internal combustion engines , 1998 .

[82]  Debabrata Das,et al.  Hydrogen production by biological processes: a survey of literature , 2001 .

[83]  D. B. Pye,et al.  Laminar burning velocities and weak flammability limits under engine-like conditions , 1974 .

[84]  Naim Afgan,et al.  Sustainability assessment of hydrogen energy systems , 2004 .

[85]  T. N. Veziroglu,et al.  An outlook of hydrogen as an automotive fuel , 1989 .

[86]  Roger Sierens,et al.  Hydrogen engine-specific properties , 2001 .

[87]  Tak Hur,et al.  Life cycle cost analysis to examine the economical feasibility of hydrogen as an alternative fuel , 2009 .

[88]  E. Kırtay,et al.  Recent advances in production of hydrogen from biomass , 2011 .

[89]  L. M. Das,et al.  On-board hydrogen storage systems for automotive application , 1996 .

[90]  H. Pfriem,et al.  Overview of the cooperative program on hydrogen storage, conversion and safety of the international energy agency , 1991 .

[91]  S. Furuhama,et al.  COMBUSTION IMPROVEMENT IN A HYDROGEN FUELED ENGINE , 1977 .

[92]  T.Nejat Veziroǧlu,et al.  Hydrogen technology for energy needs of human settlements , 1987 .

[93]  Yang Li,et al.  An excellent room-temperature hydrogen sensor based on titania nanotube-arrays , 2012 .

[94]  Javier Dufour,et al.  Life cycle assessment of hydrogen production from biomass gasification. Evaluation of different Spanish feedstocks , 2013 .

[95]  H. Buchner,et al.  The hydrogen/hydride energy concept , 1978 .

[96]  R. Steeper,et al.  The hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine : a technical review. , 2006 .

[97]  V. K. Vijay,et al.  Comparative evaluation of emission and fuel economy of an automotive spark ignition vehicle fuelled with methane enriched biogas and CNG using chassis dynamometer , 2013 .