Pathogenetic Role for Early Focal Macrophage Infiltration in a Pig Model of Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) Stenosis

Purpose Arteriovenous fistula non-maturation because of a peri-anastomotic venous stenosis is currently a huge clinical problem for which there are no effective therapies. Methods In an attempt to further define the cellular pathways involved in this process we have assessed the pattern and intensity of macrophage infiltration at different time points in a pig model of AVF stenosis. Results Our results demonstrate an early and eccentric pattern of macrophage infiltration at 2d with a rapid disappearance of this infiltrate by 7d. Conclusion We suggest that this early and eccentric macrophage infiltration could play an important role in the pathogenesis of AVF non-maturation.

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