Permeability- and Surface-Energy-Tunable Polyurethane Acrylate Molds for Capillary Force Lithography.

A permeability- and surface-energy-controllable polyurethane acrylate (PUA) mold, a "capillary-force material (CFM)" mold, is introduced for capillary-force lithography (CFL). In CFL, the surface energy and gas permeability of the mold are crucial. However, the modulation of these two main factors at a time is difficult. Here, we introduce new CFM molds in which the surface energy and permeability can be modified by controlling the degree of cross-linking of the CFM. As the degree of cross-linking of the CFM mold increases, the surface energy and air permeability decrease. The high average functionality of the mold material makes it possible to produce patterns relatively finely and rapidly due to the high rate of capillary rise and stiffness, and the low functionality allows for patterns to form on a curved surface with conformal contact. CFMs with different functionality and controllable-interfacial properties will extend the capabilities of capillary force lithography to overcome the geometric limitations of patterning on a scale below 100 nm and micro- and nanopatterning on the curved region.

[1]  Sungwon Han,et al.  Process, Design and Materials for Unidirectionally Tilted Polymeric Micro/Nanohairs and Their Adhesion Characteristics , 2016, Polymers.

[2]  Hee‐Tae Jung,et al.  Highly efficient top-illuminated flexible polymer solar cells with a nanopatterned 3D microresonant cavity. , 2014, Small.

[3]  Kshitiz,et al.  Spatial control of adult stem cell fate using nanotopographic cues. , 2014, Biomaterials.

[4]  Ashish A. Pandya,et al.  Rapidly–Dissolvable Microneedle Patches Via a Highly Scalable and Reproducible Soft Lithography Approach , 2013, Advanced materials.

[5]  T. J. McCarthy,et al.  D4(H)/D4(V) silicone: a replica material with several advantages for nanoimprint lithography and capillary force lithography. , 2011, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[6]  Junsang Doh,et al.  Multiscale fabrication of multiple proteins and topographical structures by combining capillary force lithography and microscope projection photolithography. , 2011, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[7]  A. Khademhosseini,et al.  UV-assisted capillary force lithography for engineering biomimetic multiscale hierarchical structures: From lotus leaf to gecko foot hairs. , 2009, Nanoscale.

[8]  K. Suh,et al.  Fabrication of monolithic bridge structures by vacuum-assisted capillary-force lithography. , 2009, Small.

[9]  Rhokyun Kwak,et al.  Generation and self-replication of monolithic, dual-scale polymer structures by two-step capillary-force lithography. , 2008, Small.

[10]  Sumaeth Chavadej,et al.  Dye-sensitized solar cell using natural dyes extracted from rosella and blue pea flowers , 2007 .

[11]  Souheng Wu,et al.  Calculation of interfacial tension in polymer systems , 2007 .

[12]  L. Guo,et al.  Nanoimprint Lithography: Methods and Material Requirements , 2007 .

[13]  F. Teymour,et al.  A unifying approach for melt rheology of linear polystyrene , 2007 .

[14]  John A Rogers,et al.  Soft lithography using acryloxy perfluoropolyether composite stamps. , 2007, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[15]  Jurriaan Huskens,et al.  Capillary Force Lithography: Fabrication of Functional Polymer Templates as Versatile Tools for Nanolithography , 2006 .

[16]  E. Yoon,et al.  Capillarity-assisted fabrication of nanostructures using a less permeable mold for nanotribological applications , 2006 .

[17]  Kahp Y. Suh,et al.  Stretched polymer nanohairs by nanodrawing. , 2006 .

[18]  M. J. Kim,et al.  Capillary force lithography with impermeable molds , 2006 .

[19]  Hyun Jung Lee,et al.  Rigiflex Lithography for Nanostructure Transfer , 2005 .

[20]  Robert Langer,et al.  Observation of High‐Aspect‐Ratio Nanostructures Using Capillary Lithography , 2005 .

[21]  Se-Jin Choi,et al.  Unconventional Patterning with A Modulus-Tunable Mold: From Imprinting to Microcontact Printing , 2004 .

[22]  H. H. Lee,et al.  Capillary kinetics of thin polymer films in permeable microcavities , 2004 .

[23]  Se-Jin Choi,et al.  An ultraviolet-curable mold for sub-100-nm lithography. , 2004, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[24]  Hyewon Kang,et al.  Low-Pressure Nanoimprint Lithography , 2004 .

[25]  D. Khang,et al.  Pressure‐Assisted Capillary Force Lithography , 2004 .

[26]  Kahp-Yang Suh,et al.  Capillary Force Lithography: Large‐Area Patterning, Self‐Organization, and Anisotropic Dewetting , 2002 .

[27]  H. H. Lee,et al.  Capillary Force Lithography , 2001 .