Energy regulating and fluctuation stabilizing by air source heat pump and battery energy storage system in microgrid

The energy consumption statistics of buildings have shown that in China, 50%–70% of the annual energy consumption is consumed by cooling and heating systems, the majorities are air conditions and hot water supply. To cut down the investment of BESS, this paper studies the application of Air Source Heat Pump (ASHP) in a photovoltaic/Battery Energy Storage System (PV/BESS) microgrid. Energy dispatching strategy is proposed to take advantage of the thermal storage, and fluctuation stabilization strategy is proposed based on the decouple characteristics between Heat Pumps (HPs) and terminal devices. As the characteristics of fluctuation and the inputted capacity of ASHP should be considered during the stabilization, there are too many input variables for traditional fuzzy logic algorithm. According to this, this paper proposes an improved fuzzy logic algorithm, Double Fuzzy Logic (DFL) algorithm, to involve in all the necessary variables. At last, a case is simulated to verify the feasibility of the energy dispatching and fluctuation stabilization strategy. The results have verified that ASHP can decrease the capacities of PV/BESS and stabilize the fluctuation effectively.

[1]  Mohamed Machmoum,et al.  Safe sizing methodology applied to a standalone photovoltaic system , 2015 .

[2]  Zaijun Wu,et al.  Modeling, planning and optimal energy management of combined cooling, heating and power microgrid: A review , 2014 .

[3]  Eisuke Shimoda,et al.  Energy capacity reduction of energy storage system in microgrid by use of heat pump: Characteristic study by use of actual machine , 2010, Proceedings of 14th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference EPE-PEMC 2010.

[4]  M. Mehos,et al.  Planting the seed , 2009, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[5]  Alireza Maheri,et al.  An accurate method for the PV model identification based on a genetic algorithm and the interior-point method , 2014 .

[6]  Roberto Gallea,et al.  Heuristic-Based Shiftable Loads Optimal Management in Smart Micro-Grids , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.

[7]  Reza Hosseini,et al.  A photovoltaic/thermal system with a combination of a booster diffuse reflector and vacuum tube for generation of electricity and hot water production , 2015 .

[8]  Ashraf M. Aziz,et al.  A new perspective on the choice of fuzzy membership functions in multitarget tracking systems , 2015, 2015 IEEE Aerospace Conference.

[9]  Eleonora Riva Sanseverino,et al.  A Generalized Framework for Optimal Sizing of Distributed Energy Resources in Micro-Grids Using an Indicator-Based Swarm Approach , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.

[10]  Mohammad Shahidehpour,et al.  Fuzzy-Logic Based Frequency Controller for Wind Farms Augmented With Energy Storage Systems , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[11]  M. Becherif,et al.  Fuzzy logic and passivity based control applied to hybrid DC power source using fuel cell and battery , 2015, 2015 4th International Conference on Systems and Control (ICSC).

[12]  E. Telaretti,et al.  Technical and economical assessment of distributed electrochemical storages for load shifting applications: An Italian case study , 2016 .

[13]  T. Ise,et al.  A hybrid energy storage with a SMES and secondary battery , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[14]  Javad Sadeh,et al.  Optimal economic designing of grid-connected photovoltaic systems with multiple inverters using linear and nonlinear module models based on Genetic Algorithm , 2014 .

[15]  Mohamed Machmoum,et al.  Optimal sizing of a stand-alone photovoltaic system , 2013, 2013 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA).

[16]  X.Y. Wang,et al.  Determination of Battery Storage Capacity in Energy Buffer for Wind Farm , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[17]  Bangyin Liu,et al.  Smart energy management system for optimal microgrid economic operation , 2011 .

[18]  V. Trifa,et al.  A flexible and low cost experimental stand for air source heat pump for Smart Buildings , 2012, 2012 13th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM).

[19]  El Habib Nfaoui,et al.  Multi-agent system based on fuzzy control and prediction using NN for smart microgrid energy management , 2015, 2015 Intelligent Systems and Computer Vision (ISCV).

[20]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Fuzzy droop control loops adjustment for stored energy balance in distributed energy storage system , 2015, 2015 9th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE-ECCE Asia).

[21]  Eisuke Shimoda,et al.  Feasibility Study on Short Period Power Fluctuation Compensation Using Heat Pump Air Conditioning System , 2012 .

[22]  M. Machmoum,et al.  Photovoltaic energy for the fixed and tracking system based on the modeling of solar radiation , 2013, IECON 2013 - 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[23]  G Graditi,et al.  Efficiency and reliability comparison of DC-DC converters for single phase grid connected photovoltaic inverters , 2010, SPEEDAM 2010.

[24]  J. Kleissl,et al.  Energy dispatch schedule optimization and cost benefit analysis for grid-connected, photovoltaic-battery storage systems , 2013 .

[25]  Gaetano Zizzo,et al.  An Innovative Conversion Device to the Grid Interface of Combined RES-Based Generators and Electric Storage Systems , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[26]  Peter B. Luh,et al.  Operation optimization of a distributed energy system considering energy costs and exergy efficiency , 2015 .

[27]  Dong Hui,et al.  Battery Energy Storage Station (BESS)-Based Smoothing Control of Photovoltaic (PV) and Wind Power Generation Fluctuations , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[28]  Janaina Goncalves de Oliveira,et al.  Digital proportional multi-resonant current controller for improving grid-connected photovoltaic systems , 2015 .

[29]  Rudy Setiabudy,et al.  Review of microgrid technology , 2013, 2013 International Conference on QiR.

[30]  M. Sundaresan,et al.  Edge detection using trapezoidal membership function based on fuzzy's mamdani inference system , 2014, 2014 International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom).

[31]  Subhashish Bhattacharya,et al.  Rule-Based Control of Battery Energy Storage for Dispatching Intermittent Renewable Sources , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[32]  S. Bhattacharya,et al.  Control Strategies for Battery Energy Storage for Wind Farm Dispatching , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[33]  Eisuke Shimoda,et al.  Modeling and simulation of heat pump air conditioning unit intending energy capacity reduction of energy storage system in microgrid , 2011, Proceedings of the 2011 14th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications.

[34]  Hui Li,et al.  Cost-benefit study of dispersed battery storage to increase penetration of photovoltaic systems on distribution feeders , 2014, 2014 IEEE PES General Meeting | Conference & Exposition.

[35]  Isaías González Pérez,et al.  Experimental automation platform of stand-alone hybrid renewable energy systems: Fuzzy logic application and exergy analysis , 2015 .

[36]  Ali Yahyaouy,et al.  A type-1 fuzzy logic algorithm to manage the flow of energy in a stand-alone PV/wind/battery hybrid system , 2015, 2015 Intelligent Systems and Computer Vision (ISCV).

[37]  Balaji Rengarajan,et al.  Operation method study based on the energy balance of an independent microgrid using solar-powered w , 2011 .