Characterisation of Silver Nanoparticles using a Standardised Catharanthus roseus Aqueous Extract

Introduction: The biosynthesis of nanoparticles has been proposed as a cost-effective and environmental friendly alternative to chemical and physical methods. The present study was aimed to characterise Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus)-silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a standardised C. roseus aqueous extract. Methods: The standardisation was performed by using Liquid Chromatography/Time-of-Flight ion trap Mass Spectrometry. An optimised C. roseus-AgNPs have been previously synthesised. Further characterisation of C. roseus-AgNPs was evaluated by zeta potential analysis and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results: The chromatography analysis has revealed presence of thirteen possible indole alkaloids in C. roseus extract which were lochrovicine, lochnerine, vinleurosine, vindolinine, tabersonine, catharanthine, serpentine, catharosine, vincristine, catharine, ajmalicine, vinleurosine, and vindolicine. Zeta potential analysis exhibited the value at -16.6 mV. FTIR spectrum of C. roseus aqueous extract showed the absorption band at 3210.83 cm-1 (C-H stretch), 2934.11 (C-H bond), 1578.15 (N=O stretch), 1388.76 and 1314.89 (N=O bend), 1119.29 (C-O bond) and 729.94 (C-Cl bond). In comparison, FTIR spectrum of C. roseus-AgNP s showed the absorption band at 2925.01 and 2924.97 (C-H bond), 1622.93 (C-C=C symmetric stretch), 1383.19 and 1384.13 (N-O bend), 1037.92/1038.76/1238.3/1117.2 (C-O bond), 3169.4 (O-H bond), 774.59 and 691.53 (C-Cl bond). Conclusion: The present findings have shown that the C. roseus aqueous extract contains alkaloids that may responsible as reducing and stabilising agents in the synthesis of AgNPs.

[1]  Bryan Calderón-Jiménez,et al.  Silver Nanoparticles: Technological Advances, Societal Impacts, and Metrological Challenges , 2017, Front. Chem..

[2]  Muhammad Ali,et al.  Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles via plant extracts: beginning a new era in cancer theranostics. , 2016, Nanomedicine.

[3]  C. Tettey,et al.  In-vitro anticancer activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. , 2016, Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.

[4]  S. Gurunathan,et al.  Molecular Sciences , 2022 .

[5]  R. Yu,et al.  Rapid and simultaneous determination of five vinca alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus and human serum using trilinear component modeling of liquid chromatography-diode array detection data. , 2016, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.

[6]  K. Thurecht,et al.  Nanoparticle-Based Medicines: A Review of FDA-Approved Materials and Clinical Trials to Date , 2016, Pharmaceutical Research.

[7]  S. K. Chaudhuri,et al.  Plant Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Tecomella undulata Leaf Extract and Their Characterization , 2016 .

[8]  I. Park,et al.  Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Their Characteristic Properties and Therapeutic Applications , 2016, Nanoscale Research Letters.

[9]  S. Musharraf,et al.  Quantification of steroidal alkaloids in Buxus papillosa using electrospray ionization liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry , 2015, Steroids.

[10]  Afrah E. Mohammed.  Green synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles mediated by Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf extract , 2015 .

[11]  Ghozali.  Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles using Catharanthus roseus Leaf Extract and its Proliferative Effects on CancerCell Lines , 2015 .

[12]  Babu Gajendran,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using crystal compound of sodium para-hydroxybenzoate tetrahydrate isolated from Vitex negundo. L leaves and its apoptotic effect on human colon cancer cell lines. , 2014, European journal of medicinal chemistry.

[13]  H. Al-Sheikh,et al.  Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles produced by Pleurotus ostreatus and their anticandidal and anticancer activities , 2014, World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[14]  Amr T. M. Saeb,et al.  Production of Silver Nanoparticles with Strong and Stable Antimicrobial Activity against Highly Pathogenic and Multidrug Resistant Bacteria , 2014, TheScientificWorldJournal.

[15]  F. Mutinelli,et al.  Easy and rapid method for the quantitative determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey by ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: An evaluation in commercial honey , 2014 .

[16]  Jahnavi Alwala,et al.  BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING FLOWER EXTRACTS OF CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS AND EVALUATION OF ITS ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY. , 2014 .

[17]  S. Gurunathan,et al.  Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ganoderma neo-japonicum Imazeki: a potential cytotoxic agent against breast cancer cells , 2013, International journal of nanomedicine.

[18]  Visweswara Rao Pasupuleti,et al.  Biogenic silver nanoparticles using Rhinacanthus nasutus leaf extract: synthesis, spectral analysis, and antimicrobial studies , 2013, International journal of nanomedicine.

[19]  J. Chen,et al.  Identification and quantification of active alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus by liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry. , 2013, Food chemistry.

[20]  Susmila Aparna Gaddam,et al.  Simple and rapid biosynthesis of stable silver nanoparticles using dried leaves of Catharanthus roseus. Linn. G. Donn and its anti microbial activity. , 2013, Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces.

[21]  R. Thangam,et al.  Green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Annona squamosa leaf extract and its in vitro cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells , 2012 .

[22]  M. Potara,et al.  Chitosan-coated triangular silver nanoparticles as a novel class of biocompatible, highly effective photothermal transducers for in vitro cancer cell therapy. , 2011, Cancer letters.

[23]  V. R. Murty,et al.  Catharanthus roseus: a natural source for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. , 2011, Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine.

[24]  Alexander M Seifalian,et al.  Nanosilver as a new generation of nanoproduct in biomedical applications. , 2010, Trends in biotechnology.

[25]  N. Saifuddin,et al.  Rapid Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Culture Supernatant of Bacteria with Microwave Irradiation , 2009 .

[26]  Peng Wang,et al.  Enhanced environmental mobility of carbon nanotubes in the presence of humic acid and their removal from aqueous solution. , 2008, Small.

[27]  R. Xu,et al.  Progress in nanoparticles characterization: Sizing and zeta potential measurement , 2008 .

[28]  Sudesh Kumar Yadav,et al.  Biosynthesis of nanoparticles: technological concepts and future applications , 2008 .

[29]  S. Kale,et al.  Green synthesis of highly stabilized nanocrystalline silver particles by a non-pathogenic and agriculturally important fungus T. asperellum , 2008, Nanotechnology.

[30]  B. Viswanathan,et al.  Thermal decomposition as route for silver nanoparticles , 2006, Nanoscale research letters.

[31]  R. Verpoorte,et al.  The Catharanthus alkaloids: pharmacognosy and biotechnology. , 2004, Current medicinal chemistry.

[32]  M. Sottomayor,et al.  Peroxidase and the biosynthesis of terpenoid indole alkaloids in the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don , 2004, Phytochemistry Reviews.

[33]  Gilles Brun,et al.  Volatile Components of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don (Apocynaceae) , 2001 .