Flow of granular media through a plane parallel/converging bunker

Abstract Some experimental results of an investigation of the kinematics of sand in a plane bunker model are presented. A non-steady pattern of rupture bands is shown to develop from the discharge outlet towards the traction-free boundary of the material in the initial stage of flow. In the advanced phase of discharge the rupture band pattern undergoes repetitive fluctuations due to the formation of new shear bands and the diminishing of existing ones. The advanced stage of flow is described approximately by a steady velocity field. The theoretical description is based upon the flow theory of isotropic rigid/perfectly plastic material. The solution for incompressible material seems to accurately predict the experimental measurements of the velocity (displacement) vectors and the location of the discontinuities.

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