The role of social support and self-esteem in the relationship between shyness and loneliness

Abstract This study aimed at examining the role of social support and self-esteem in the relationship between shyness and loneliness. The sample consisted of 399 college students, ranging in age from 18 to 30. Cheek and Buss shyness scale, multi-dimensional scale of perceived social support, Rosenberg self-esteem scale and emotional and social loneliness scale were used for data collection. Structural equation modeling showed partial mediation effects of social support and self-esteem between shyness and loneliness. Furthermore, a multi-group analysis found that shy male college students tend to have a more negative self-evaluation compared to their female counterparts. The results are discussed in terms of the conceptional context.

[1]  Xuqun You,et al.  Loneliness and Self-Esteem as Mediators Between Social Support and Life Satisfaction in Late Adolescence , 2013 .

[2]  Low Self-Esteem in Differentiating Fearful and Self-Conscious Forms of Shyness , 1992, Psychological reports.

[3]  A. Buss A Theory of Shyness , 1986 .

[4]  Xuqun You,et al.  Social support mediates the impact of emotional intelligence on mental distress and life satisfaction in Chinese young adults , 2012 .

[5]  S. Maxwell,et al.  Implications of Recent Developments in Structural Equation Modeling for Counseling Psychology , 1999 .

[6]  Kelly A. Brennan,et al.  Measures of depression and loneliness. , 1991 .

[7]  A. Buss,et al.  Shyness and sociability. , 1981 .

[8]  P. P. Heppner,et al.  Maladaptive coping and self-esteem as mediators between perfectionism and psychological distress , 2010 .

[9]  R. Haase,et al.  Trait shyness, actual-ought self-discrepancy and discomfort in social interaction , 2004 .

[10]  David P Mackinnon,et al.  Confidence Limits for the Indirect Effect: Distribution of the Product and Resampling Methods , 2004, Multivariate behavioral research.

[11]  L. Melchior,et al.  Shyness, Self-Esteem, and Self-Consciousness , 1990 .

[12]  James C. Anderson,et al.  STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING IN PRACTICE: A REVIEW AND RECOMMENDED TWO-STEP APPROACH , 1988 .

[13]  M. Rosenberg Society and the adolescent self-image , 1966 .

[14]  Barry Spinner,et al.  Social and emotional loneliness: A re-examination of weiss' typology of loneliness , 1997 .

[15]  Xuqun You,et al.  Emotional intelligence and life satisfaction in Chinese university students: The mediating role of self-esteem and social support , 2012 .

[16]  P. Hewitt,et al.  Personality factors associated with generalized and non-generalized social anxiety , 1997 .

[17]  Nathan A. Fox,et al.  INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN YOUNG ADULTS' SHYNESS AND SOCIABILITY : PERSONALITY AND HEALTH CORRELATES , 1995 .

[18]  L. McCutcheon,et al.  Shyness, loneliness, and attitude toward celebrities. , 2001 .

[19]  Jingjing Zhao,et al.  Self-esteem and humor style as mediators of the effects of shyness on loneliness among Chinese college students , 2012 .

[20]  H. Akaike Factor analysis and AIC , 1987 .

[21]  G. Zimet,et al.  The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support , 1988 .

[22]  Todd Jackson,et al.  Towards Explaining the Association between Shyness and Loneliness: A Path Analysis with American College Students , 2002 .

[23]  P. Bentler,et al.  Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis : Conventional criteria versus new alternatives , 1999 .

[24]  M. Zlokovich,et al.  Humor Styles as Mediators of the Shyness-Loneliness Relationship , 2009 .

[25]  S. Chan Depressive mood in Chinese early adolescents: Relations with shyness, self‐esteem and perceived social support , 2012 .

[26]  M. Hoffman,et al.  Social support and self-esteem in adolescence , 1988, Journal of youth and adolescence.

[27]  M. Browne,et al.  Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit , 1992 .