Mesoscale structural gradients in human tooth enamel

Significance Dental enamel is integral to the function of human teeth, and its lifelong robustness is critical to well-being. An accurate multiscale model of enamel is vital in many human health contexts, including tooth decay, enamel development and malformation, and restorative dentistry. Submicrometer resolution, synchrotron X-ray microdiffraction shows that crystallographic parameters differ across the intricate rod/interrod microstructure, connecting variations in nanoscale crystallite properties with the mesoscale organization of enamel. Variation of lattice parameters strongly suggests analogous compositional variation. While rod and interrod enamel consistently differ within samples, interindividual variation hints at additional modulating factors. These results demonstrate at least one additional level in the hierarchical architecture of human enamel, with implications for mechanisms governing its formation, functional performance, and degradation.

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