A Virtual Human Agent for Training Novice Therapist Clinical Interviewing Skills

Virtual Reality (VR) is rapidly evolving into a pragmatically usable technology for mental health (MH) applications. Over the last five years, the technology for creating virtual humans (VHs) has evolved to the point where they are no longer regarded as simple background characters, but rather can serve a functional interactional role. Our current project involves the construction of a natural language-capable virtual client named “Justin,” which derived from a military negotiation training tool into a virtual therapy patient for training novice clinicians the art of clinical interviewing with a resistant client. Justin portrays a 16-year old male with a conduct disorder who is being forced to participate in therapy by his family. The system uses a sophisticated natural language interface that allows novice clinicians to practice asking interview questions in an effort to create a positive therapeutic alliance with this very challenging virtual client. Herein we proffer a description of our iterative design process and outline our long term vision.

[1]  Kyle Johnsen,et al.  Evaluating a Script -Based Approach for Simulating Patient -Doctor Interaction , 2005 .

[2]  Panayiotis G. Georgiou,et al.  Building topic specific language models from webdata using competitive models , 2005, INTERSPEECH.

[3]  M. Lipkin,et al.  A randomized trial of teaching clinical skills using virtual and live standardized patients , 2006, Journal of General Internal Medicine.

[4]  Thomas Bernard,et al.  Interpersonal Scenarios: Virtual \approx Real? , 2006, IEEE Virtual Reality Conference (VR 2006).

[5]  Randall W. Hill,et al.  Steve Goes to Bosnia: Towards a New Generation of Virtual Humans for Interactive Experiences , 2001 .

[6]  Gábor Szijártó,et al.  CyberTherapy: Applications of Virtual Reality and Digital Humans in Clinical Psychology , 2004 .

[7]  Norman I. Badler,et al.  Creating Interactive Virtual Humans: Some Assembly Required , 2002, IEEE Intell. Syst..

[8]  Kyle Johnsen,et al.  Comparing Interpersonal Interactions with a Virtual Human to Those with a Real Human , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[9]  Leon Goldman,et al.  Using Multimedia Virtual Patients to Enhance the Clinical Curriculum for Medical Students , 1998, MedInfo.

[10]  Amy O. Stevens,et al.  The use of virtual patients to teach medical students history taking and communication skills. , 2006, American journal of surgery.

[11]  W. Vaught,et al.  MedEthEx Online: A Computer-Based Learning Program in Medical Ethics and Communication Skills , 2000, Teaching and learning in medicine.

[12]  Justine Cassell,et al.  An Architecture for Embodied Conversational Characters , 1998 .

[13]  Kyle Johnsen,et al.  Interpersonal Scenarios: Virtual ß Real? , 2006 .

[14]  Stacy Marsella,et al.  Nonverbal Behavior Generator for Embodied Conversational Agents , 2006, IVA.

[15]  Kyle Johnsen,et al.  Evolving an Immersive Medical Communication Skills Trainer , 2006, Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments.

[16]  Anton Leuski,et al.  Building Effective Question Answering Characters , 2006, SIGDIAL Workshop.

[17]  Stacy Marsella,et al.  Hierarchical Motion Controllers for Real-Time Autonomous Virtual Humans , 2005, IVA.

[18]  Kyle Johnsen,et al.  Experiences in using immersive virtual characters to educate medical communication skills , 2005, IEEE Proceedings. VR 2005. Virtual Reality, 2005..

[19]  R. Spitzer Dsm-IV Casebook: A Learning Companion to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition , 1994 .

[20]  Andrew E. Skodol,et al.  DSM-IV-TR Casebook: A Learning Companion to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision , 2001 .

[21]  L. Beutler,et al.  Virtual reality in psychotherapy training. , 2004, Journal of clinical psychology.

[22]  James C. Lester,et al.  Animated Pedagogical Agents: Face-to-Face Interaction in Interactive Learning Environments , 2000 .