Image processing method and device and train fault detection system

The invention relates to an image processing method and device and a train fault detection system. The method comprises the steps of collecting a plurality of images of each carriage of a train; sequentially using the images as current processing images to conduct abnormal detection process so as to confirm abnormal images and mark abnormal areas on the images; providing the abnormal images on which the abnormal areas are marked for train inspection station equipment. According to the method, each collected image is detected in a preset mode, only the abnormal images are provided for detecting staff, and the number of images needing watching by the detecting staff is reduced, so that the detecting workload of train inspection staff is reduced, working efficiency is improved, transmission data volume in a remote transmission process is reduced, and the consumption of transmission resources is reduced.