Is time-out from positive reinforcement an aversive event? A review of the experimental evidence.

[1]  R. Mccall STIMULUS CHANGE IN LIGHT-CONTINGENT BAR PRESSING. , 1965, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[2]  C. Paul EFFECTS OF OVERLEARNING UPON SINGLE HABIT REVERSAL IN RATS. , 1965, Psychological bulletin.

[3]  A. R. Wagner,et al.  RESISTANCE TO PUNISHMENT AND EXTINCTION FOLLOWING TRAINING WITH SHOCK OR NONREINFORCEMENT. , 1964, Journal of experimental psychology.

[4]  E. Karsh PUNISHMENT: TRIAL SPACING AND SHOCK INTENSITY AS DETERMINANTS OF BEHAVIOR IN A DISCRETE OPERANT SITUATION. , 1964, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[5]  N. Azrin,et al.  PUNISHMENT BY NOISE IN AN ALTERNATIVE RESPONSE SITUATION. , 1964, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[6]  E. Karsh Punishment: effect on learning and resistance to extinction of discrete operant behavior , 1964 .

[7]  C. B. Ferster,et al.  SOME NOTES ON TIME OUT FROM REINFORCEMENT. , 1964, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[8]  D M THOMPSON,et al.  ESCAPE FROM SD ASSOCIATED WITH FIXED-RATIO REINFORCEMENT. , 1964, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[9]  A. R. Wagner Conditioned frustration as a learned drive. , 1963, Journal of experimental psychology.

[10]  J. B. Appel,et al.  Aversive aspects of a schedule of positive reinforcement. , 1963, Journal of The Experimental Analysis of Behavior.

[11]  N. Azrin,et al.  Elimination of behavior of mental patients by response-produced extinction. , 1963, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[12]  N. Azrin,et al.  A comparison of several procedures for eliminating behavior. , 1963, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[13]  D. O. Lyon Frequency of reinforcement as a parameter of conditioned suppression. , 1963, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[14]  D. Baer,et al.  Laboratory control of thumbsucking by withdrawal and re-presentation of reinforcement. , 1962, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[15]  T. Thompson The effect of two phenothiazines and a barbiturate on extinction-induced rate increase of a free operant. , 1962, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[16]  N. Miller,et al.  Effects of alcohol and amobarbital on performance inhibited by experimental extinction. , 1962, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[17]  A. Amsel Frustrative nonreward in partial reinforcement and discrimination learning: some recent history and a theoretical extension. , 1962, Psychological review.

[18]  Miller Ne,et al.  Effects of drugs on approachavoidance conflict tested repeatedly by means of a "telescope alley". , 1962 .

[19]  Dale M. Brethower,et al.  A facilitative effect of punishment on unpunished behavior. , 1962, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[20]  E. Karsh Effects of number of rewarded trials and intensity of punishment on running speed. , 1962, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[21]  C. B. Ferster,et al.  The effect of drugs on a fixed-ratio performance suppressed by a pre-time-out stimulus. , 1962, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[22]  T. Thompson Effect of chlorpromazine on "aggressive" responding in the rat. , 1961, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[23]  L. Kamin,et al.  The conditioned emotional response as a function of intensity of the US. , 1961, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[24]  N H AZRIN,et al.  Time-out from Positive Reinforcement , 1961, Science.

[25]  G. Kimble,et al.  Hilgard and Marquis' Conditioning and learning , 1961 .

[26]  C B FERSTER,et al.  Punishment of S delta responding in matching to sample by time out from positive reinforcement. , 1961, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[27]  N. Miller,et al.  Learning resistance to pain and fear: effects of overlearning, exposure, and rewarded expsure in context. , 1960, Journal of experimental psychology.

[28]  C B FERSTER,et al.  Suppression of a performance under differential reinforcement of low rates by a pre-time-out stimulus. , 1960, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[29]  D M BAER,et al.  Escape and avoidance response of pre-school children to two schedules of reinforcement withdrawal. , 1960, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[30]  G. Bower,et al.  Effects of amount of reward on strength of approach in an approach-avoidance conflict. , 1960, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[31]  J. H. Curtis,et al.  Learning Theory and Behavior , 1960 .

[32]  Notterman Jm Force emission during bar pressing. , 1959 .

[33]  M. Marx,et al.  A comparison of some presumed frustrating and secondary-reinforcing operations. , 1958, Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology.

[34]  M. Marx,et al.  Frustration: theory and experiment. , 1958, Genetic psychology monographs.

[35]  M Sidman,et al.  Some effects of Two Temporal Variables on Conditioned Suppression. , 1958, Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior.

[36]  A. Amsel The role of frustrative nonreward in noncontinuous reward situations. , 1958, Psychological bulletin.

[37]  C. B. Ferster,et al.  Control of behavior in chimpanzees and pigeons by time out from positive reinforcement. , 1958 .

[38]  G. Collier,et al.  Response strength as a function of delay of reward in a runway. , 1957, Journal of experimental psychology.

[39]  H. M. Adelman,et al.  Learning and extinction based upon frustration, food reward, and exploratory tendency. , 1956, Journal of experimental psychology.

[40]  L. Kamin The effects of termination of the CS and avoidance of the US on avoidance learning. , 1956, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[41]  J. Brady,et al.  An Experimental Approach to the Analysis of Emotional Behavior , 1955 .

[42]  J. Brady,et al.  Some effects of punishment and intercurrent anxiety on a simple operant. , 1955, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[43]  J. Dinsmoor Punishment. II. An interpretation of empirical findings. , 1955, Psychological review.

[44]  L. Kamin Traumatic avoidance learning: the effects of CS-US interval with a trace-conditioning procedure. , 1954, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[45]  J A DINSMOOR,et al.  Punishment. I. The avoidance hypothesis. , 1954, Psychological review.

[46]  M. Sidman Two temporal parameters of the maintenance of avoidance behavior by the white rat. , 1953, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[47]  J. S. Brown,et al.  Emotions conceptualized as intervening variables--with suggestions toward a theory of frustration. , 1951, Psychological bulletin.

[48]  W. N. Schoenfeld,et al.  An experimental approach to anxiety, escape and avoidance behavior. , 1949, Proceedings of the annual meeting of the American Psychopathological Association.

[49]  W. Estes An experimental study of punishment. , 1944 .

[50]  B. Skinner,et al.  Some quantitative properties of anxiety , 1941 .