Linear generator-based wave energy converter model with experimental verification and three loading strategies

Within the Lysekil wave energy research project at the Swedish west coast, more than ten Wave Energy Converters (WECs) prototypes have been developed and installed in an ocean based test site. Since 2006 various experiments have been conducted and the generated electricity was delivered to shore at a nearby island. While experiments are essential for the development of wave energy converters, theoretical studies and simulations are an important complement – not only in the search for advanced designs with higher efficiency, but also for improving the economic viability of the studied concepts. In this paper a WEC model is presented. The model consists of three subsystems: i) the hydrodynamic source, ii) the linear generator model, and iii) the electrical conversion system. After the validation with the experimental results at the research site, the generator model is connected to three passive load strategies – linear resistive load, passive rectification and resonance circuit. The paper focuses on analysing the operation of the model coupled with three load cases. The results prove that the WEC model correctly simulates the linear generator developed in the Lysekil Project. Moreover, the comparison among different load cases is made and discussed. The results gives an indication of the efficiency of energy production as well as the force ripples and resulting mechanical loads on the wave energy converters.