Survey on power system stabilizers control and their prospective applications for power system damping using Synchrophasor‐based wide‐area systems

Powersystemoscillationdampingremains as one of the major concerns for secure and reliable operation of largepowersystems, and is of great current interest to both industry and academia. The principal reason for this is that the inception of poorly-damped low-frequency inter-areaoscillations (LFIOs) whenpowersystemsare operating under stringent conditions may lead tosystem-widebreakups or considerably reduce thepowertransfers over critical corridors. With the availability of high-sampling rate phasor measurement units (PMUs), there is an increasing interest for effectively exploiting conventionaldampingcontroldevices, such aspowersystemstabilizers(PSSs), by using these measurements ascontrolinput signals. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of distinct elements (or "building blocks") necessary forwide-areapowersystemdampingusing synchrophasors and PSSs. These building blocks together shape a tentative methodical framework, and are disposed as follows: (1) fundamental understanding of the main characteristics of inter-areaoscillations, (2)wide-areameasurement andcontrolsystems(WAMS and WACS) andwide-areadampingcontrol(WADC), (3) advanced signal processing techniques for mode property identification, (4) methods for model-basedsmall-signal analysis, (5)controlinput signals selection, and (6) methods for PSScontroldesign. We also describe the latest developments in the implementation ofsynchrophasormeasurements in WAMS and WACS as well as their prospectives for WADCapplications. This paper serves both to abridge the state-of-the-art in each of these elements, and to accentuate aspiring ideas in each building block.