Bridging Scales in Respiratory Mechanics

In this paper, we review different types of overall lung models developed recently in our group. The first approach is based on three-dimensional (3D) continuum models of both the airways and the tissue. As only parts of the lung can be resolved in detail in the model, advanced multi-scale techniques are utilized to adequately consider the unresolved parts. Alternatively, we have proposed a comprehensive reduced-dimensional lung model allowing to effectively study pressure and flow characteristics in the entire conducting region of the lung, albeit at the cost of detailed information on local tissue stresses and strains. To combine the advantages of detailed and simplified lung models, we have developed a novel approach for the coupling of 3D and 0D airway models.

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