Autonomous Power Control in a Reconfigurable 6.78-MHz Multiple-Receiver Wireless Charging System

This paper proposes and implements autonomous control of a multiple-receiver wireless charging system. The charging control problem is challenging due to the decentralized nature of the system, possible changing numbers and types of energy storage devices as loads of the receivers, and complexity in wireless power distribution mechanism. The game-theory-based control is developed that fully respects the unique characteristics of the transmitter (i.e., charger) and receivers. The preferences of the individual devices are first quantified using utility functions. Then, the charging control problem is formulated as a generalized Stackelberg game considering the leader–follower relationship between the transmitter and receivers, and the limited total charging power. At each control instant, the generalized Nash equilibrium among the receivers, i.e., charging power distribution here, is reached by searching the Lagrange multiplier while the total charging power from the transmitter is updated in a step-by-step manner. Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed charging control autonomously manages and updates the power distribution in the cases where the receivers with different energy storage devices quit or join the wireless charging.