The dilemma of performance appraisal

This paper deals with the dilemma of managing performance using performance appraisal. The authors will evaluate the historical development of appraisals and argue that the critical area of line management development that was been identified as a critical success factor in appraisals has been ignored in the later literature evaluating the effectiveness of performance through appraisals. This paper will evaluate the aims and methods of appraisal, the difficulties encountered in the appraisal process. It also re-evaluates the lack of theoretical development in appraisal and moves from the psychological approaches of analysis to a more critical realisation of approaches before re-evaluating the challenge to remove subjectivity and bias in judgement of appraisal.

[1]  K. Sisson.  Personnel management : a comprehensive guide to theory and practice in Britain , 1994 .

[2]  R. Kaplan,et al.  The balanced scorecard--measures that drive performance. , 2015, Harvard business review.

[3]  Stephen Bach,et al.  Managing human resources : personnel management in transition , 2005 .

[4]  Sylvia Beyer,et al.  Gender differences in the accuracy of self-evaluations of performance , 1990 .

[5]  Barbara Townley,et al.  PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AND THE EMERGENCE OF MANAGEMENT , 1993 .

[6]  Stephen French,et al.  What a performance: performance related pay in the public services , 1998 .

[7]  E. Snape,et al.  Upward and Onward: Can Staff Appraise Their Managers? , 1992 .

[8]  H. P. Sims,et al.  Behind the Mask: The Politics of Employee Appraisal , 1987 .

[9]  Graham Barlow.  DEFICIENCIES AND THE PERPETUATION OF POWER: LATENT FUNCTIONS IN MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL , 1989 .

[10]  John Storey,et al.  Human Resource Management: A Critical Text , 1994 .

[11]  Michael Armstrong,et al.  Managing performance : performance management in action , 2005 .

[12]  Clinton O. Longenecker,et al.  Ethical dilemmas in performance appraisal revisited , 1990 .

[13]  Franklin Hartle.  Transforming the Performance Management Process , 1997 .

[14]  Riccardo Peccei,et al.  EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT: REDUNDANCY AS A CRITICAL CASE , 1992 .

[15]  D. Marsden,et al.  Performing for Pay? The Effects of ‘Merit Pay’ on Motivation in a Public Service , 1994 .

[16]  Franklin Hartle,et al.  How to Re-Engineer Your Performance Management Process , 1995 .

[17]  Keith Grint,et al.  What's Wrong With Performance Appraisals? A Critique and A Suggestion , 1993 .

[18]  Angela Baron,et al.  Performance Management : The New Realities , 1998 .

[19]  A. Mangwendeza,et al.  Performance appraisal. , 2000, Nursing management.

[20]  B. Townley.  The Politics of Appraisal: Lessons of The Introduction of Appraisal Into Uk Universities , 1990 .

[21]  Modernising work in public services: redefining roles and relationships in Britain's changing workplace , 2007 .

[22]  Tony Fenley.  ADVISORY, CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION SERVICE , 1977 .

[23]  Clive Fletcher,et al.  Performance Management, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment1 , 1996 .

[24]  M. White.  Performance, equality and staff development , 1999 .

[25]  Douglas McGregor,et al.  An Uneasy Look at Performance Appraisal , 1975, The Journal of nursing administration.

[26]  A. Waters.  What a waste. , 2006, Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987).

[27]  J. Makinson.  Incentives for change Rewarding performance in national government networks , 2000 .

[28]  B. Townley.  Practical Reason and Performance Appraisal , 1999 .

[29]  Philip A. Lewis.  Managing performance‐related pay based on evidence from the financial services sector , 1998 .

[30]  A. Konrad,et al.  Demographic Differences and Reactions to Performance Feedback , 2003 .

[31]  Norma Carr-Ruffino,et al.  Managing diversity , 2018, PICMET '99: Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology. Proceedings Vol-1: Book of Summaries (IEEE Cat. No.99CH36310).

[32]  The appraisal interview , 1993 .

[33]  B. Alimo‐Metcalfe.  WHAT A WASTE! WOMEN IN THE NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE , 1991 .

[34]  H. Bewley,et al.  Inside the Workplace: First Findings from the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey , 2005 .

[35]  James W. Smither,et al.  A FIVE‐YEAR STUDY OF UPWARD FEEDBACK: WHAT MANAGERS DO WITH THEIR RESULTS MATTERS , 1999 .

[36]  I. Kessler,et al.  PERFORMANCE RELATED PAY: OBJECTIVES AND APPLICATION , 1992 .

[37]  P. Findlay,et al.  Playing God? the Performance of Appraisal , 1996 .

[38]  Robert J. Wherry,et al.  The Past and Future of Criterion Evaluation , 1957 .

[39]  Clive Fletcher,et al.  The implications of research on gender differences in self‐assessment and 360 degree appraisal , 1999 .

[40]  J. Heywood,et al.  Performance Appraisal Systems: Determinants and Change , 2005 .