Wheat sample affects growth performance and the apparent metabolisable energy value for broiler chickens

ABSTRACT 1. The aim of this study was to examine chemical composition, quality characteristics, apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and nutrient utilisation of wheat samples currently available to the UK poultry industry and their effect on broiler growth performance. 2. Seventeen current UK wheat samples were used to formulate 17 diets, all of which included 670 g/kg of each wheat sample and 330 g/kg of a balancer feed. Eight hundred 1-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were allocated randomly to 160 raised floor pens. Each diet was replicated eight times, fed ad libitum from 0 to 21d age in a randomised complete block design. Excreta were quantitatively collected during the last 3 days for AME determination. 3. The content of protein, ash and gross energy (GE) ranged from 97 to 143 g/kg DM, 12.8 to 19.6 g/kg DM and 17.81 to 18.24 MJ/kg DM, respectively. The amount of starch and total non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) ranged from 671 to 728 and 80.1 to 98.2 g/kg DM, respectively. The quality characteristics of wheat samples were in the expected range. 4. There were differences (P < 0.05) in AME and N-corrected AME (AMEn) of wheat samples. The AME of the wheat had a maximum range of 1.13 MJ/kg DM between samples. Dry matter retention (DMR) and fat digestibility (FD) were significantly different (P < 0.05) between wheat samples. 5. The daily feed intake (FI) and weight gain (WG) of broilers fed two wheat samples were significantly (P < 0.05) lower as compared to other samples and their low FI and WG were not related to their chemical composition and quality characteristics. 6. The ash content of wheat samples was negatively associated with AMEn (r = − 0.489, P < 0.05). The coefficient of FD was positively related to AMEn (r = 0.552, P < 0.05). 7. Chemical composition and quality characteristics of the wheat did not relate (P > 0.05) to FI and WG of broilers. There was no relationship between growth performance of broilers and AMEn of the wheat samples.

[1]  V. Pirgozliev,et al.  Does the effect of pelleting depend on the wheat sample when fed to chickens? , 2016, Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience.

[2]  L. Van Campenhout,et al.  Relationship between wheat characteristics and nutrient digestibility in broilers: comparison between total collection and marker (titanium dioxide) technique. , 2015, Poultry science.

[3]  A. Lovegrove,et al.  Energy utilization and growth performance of chickens fed novel wheat inbred lines selected for different pentosan levels with and without xylanase supplementation , 2015, Poultry science.

[4]  P. Selle,et al.  The kinetics of starch and nitrogen digestion regulate growth performance and nutrient utilisation of broilers fed coarsely ground, sorghum-based diets , 2013 .

[5]  V. Ravindran,et al.  Pelleting of broiler diets: An overview with emphasis on pellet quality and nutritional value , 2013 .

[6]  B. Owens,et al.  Chemical and Physical Predictors of the Nutritive Value of Wheat in Broiler Diets , 2013, Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences.

[7]  V. Ravindran,et al.  Influence of feed form and conditioning temperature on performance, apparent metabolisable energy and ileal digestibility of starch and nitrogen in broiler starters fed wheat-based diet , 2011 .

[8]  M. Verstegen,et al.  Effect of wheat cultivar and enzyme addition to broiler chicken diets on nutrient digestibility, performance, and apparent metabolizable energy content. , 2008, Poultry science.

[9]  M. Verstegen,et al.  Variability in wheat: factors affecting its nutritional value , 2008 .

[10]  A. Uhlen,et al.  Hagberg falling number and the nutritional value of wheat in broiler chicken diets , 2007, British poultry science.

[11]  M. Choct,et al.  Effects of xylanase supplementation on between-bird variation in energy metabolism and the number of Clostridium perfringens in broilers fed a wheat-based diet , 2006 .

[12]  K. Englyst,et al.  Starch Analysis in Food , 2006 .

[13]  M. Choct,et al.  Enzymes for the feed industry: past, present and future , 2006 .

[14]  F. Oury,et al.  Soft wheat instead of hard wheat in pelleted diets results in high starch digestibility in broiler chickens , 2005, British poultry science.

[15]  M. Choct,et al.  Role of insoluble non-starch polysaccharides in poultry nutrition , 2004 .

[16]  M. Bedford,et al.  Chemical composition and the nutritive quality of different wheat cultivars for broiler chickens , 2003, British poultry science.

[17]  B. Svihus,et al.  Effect of chemical content and physical characteristics on nutritional value of wheat, barley and oats for poultry , 2002 .

[18]  K. Mccracken,et al.  Effects of wheat variety and specific weight on dietary apparent metabolisable energy concentration and performance of broiler chicks , 2002, British poultry science.

[19]  S. Steenfeldt.  The dietary effect of different wheat cultivars for broiler chickens , 2001, British poultry science.

[20]  L. Tucker,et al.  Rapid Tests of Wheat Nutritive Value for Growing Chickens , 2001 .

[21]  J. Wiseman,et al.  Relationship between apparent metabolisable (AME) values and in vivo/in vitro starch digestibility of wheat for broilers , 2000 .

[22]  C. Preston,et al.  Effect of diet form and enzyme supplementation on growth, efficiency and energy utilisation of wheat-based diets for broilers , 2000, British poultry science.

[23]  K. Mccracken,et al.  Metabolisable energy content of diets and broiler performance as affected by wheat specific weight and enzyme supplementation , 2000, British poultry science.

[24]  J. Wiseman.  Correlation between physical measurements and dietary energy values of wheat for poultry and pigs , 2000 .

[25]  F. Silversides,et al.  Effect of cultivar and environment on the feeding value of Western Canadian wheat and barley samples with and without enzyme supplementation , 1998 .

[26]  L. Waldron.  The nutritive value of different wheat varieties for broiler chickens , 1997 .

[27]  S. Rose,et al.  A comparison of the energy availability for chickens of ground and whole grain samples of two wheat varieties. , 1996, British poultry science.

[28]  A. Morgan,et al.  The use of enzymes in poultry diets , 1996 .

[29]  J. Thibault,et al.  Variability in grain extract viscosity and water-soluble arabinoxylan content in wheat , 1995 .

[30]  R. Hughes,et al.  Non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes increase the performance of broiler chickens fed wheat of low apparent metabolizable energy. , 1995, The Journal of nutrition.

[31]  M. Choct,et al.  Anti-nutritive effect of wheat pentosans in broiler chickens: roles of viscosity and gut microflora. , 1992, British poultry science.

[32]  H. Classen,et al.  Reduction of intestinal viscosity through manipulation of dietary rye and pentosanase concentration is effected through changes in the carbohydrate composition of the intestinal aqueous phase and results in improved growth rate and food conversion efficiency of broiler chicks. , 1992, The Journal of nutrition.

[33]  M. Choct,et al.  The inhibition of nutrient digestion by wheat pentosans , 1992, British Journal of Nutrition.

[34]  G. Annison.  Relationship between the levels of soluble nonstarch polysaccharides and the apparent metabolizable energy of wheats assayed in broiler chickens , 1991 .

[35]  F. Hill,et al.  Comparison of metabolizable energy and productive energy determinations with growing chicks. , 1958, The Journal of nutrition.

[36]  J. O. Irwin,et al.  Statistical Method in Biological Assay , 1953, Nature.

[37]  V. Ravindran,et al.  Influence of wheat hardness and xylanase supplementation on the performance, energy utilisation, digestive tract development and digesta parameters of broiler starters , 2009 .

[38]  M. Quigley,et al.  Determination of dietary fibre as non-starch polysaccharides with gas-liquid chromatographic, high-performance liquid chromatographic or spectrophotometric measurement of constituent sugars. , 1994, The Analyst.

[39]  G. Annison.  The Role of Wheat Non-Starch Polysaccharides in Broiler Nutrition , 1993 .

[40]  G. Annison.  Corrigendum - The role of wheat non-starch polysaccharides in broiler nutrition , 1993 .

[41]  Kenneth Helrick,et al.  Official methods of analysis , 1990 .

[42]  G. Annison.  Polysaccharide composition of Australian wheats and the digestibility of their starches in broiler chicken diets. , 1990 .