Extracting Temporal Event Relations Based on Event Networks

Temporal event relations specify how different events expressed within the context of a textual passage relate to each other in terms of time sequence. There have already been impactful work in the area of temporal event relation extraction; however, they are mostly supervised methods that rely on sentence-level textual, syntactic and grammatical structure patterns to identify temporal relations. In this paper, we present an unsupervised method that operates at the document level. More specifically, we benefit from existing Open IE systems to generate a set of triple relations that are then used to build an event network. The event network is bootstrapped by labeling the temporal disposition of events that are directly linked to each other. We then systematically traverse the event network to identify the temporal relations between indirectly connected events. We perform experiments based on the widely adopted TempEval-3 corpus and compare our work with several strong baselines. We show that our unsupervised method is able to show better performance in terms of precision and f-measure over it supervised counterparts.

[1]  Oren Etzioni,et al.  Open Language Learning for Information Extraction , 2012, EMNLP.

[2]  Takashi Chikayama,et al.  UTTime: Temporal Relation Classification using Deep Syntactic Features , 2013, *SEMEVAL.

[3]  Tommaso Caselli,et al.  SemEval-2010 Task 13: TempEval-2 , 2010, *SEMEVAL.

[4]  Guodong Zhou,et al.  Tree kernel-based semantic relation extraction with rich syntactic and semantic information , 2010, Inf. Sci..

[5]  Dilek Z. Hakkani-Tür,et al.  Open-Domain Multi-Document Summarization via Information Extraction: Challenges and Prospects , 2013, Multi-source, Multilingual Information Extraction and Summarization.

[6]  Vincent Ng,et al.  Classifying Temporal Relations with Rich Linguistic Knowledge , 2013, NAACL.

[7]  Christian Bizer,et al.  Sieve: linked data quality assessment and fusion , 2012, EDBT-ICDT '12.

[8]  James F. Allen Maintaining knowledge about temporal intervals , 1983, CACM.

[9]  James Pustejovsky,et al.  SemEval-2013 Task 1: TempEval-3: Evaluating Time Expressions, Events, and Temporal Relations , 2013, *SEMEVAL.

[10]  Paramita Mirza,et al.  CATENA: CAusal and TEmporal relation extraction from NAtural language texts , 2016, COLING.

[11]  Pierre Zweigenbaum,et al.  MEANS: A medical question-answering system combining NLP techniques and semantic Web technologies , 2015, Inf. Process. Manag..

[12]  Taylor Cassidy,et al.  Dense Event Ordering with a Multi-Pass Architecture , 2014, TACL.

[13]  Luciano Del Corro,et al.  ClausIE: clause-based open information extraction , 2013, WWW.

[14]  Paramita Mirza,et al.  Classifying Temporal Relations with Simple Features , 2014, EACL.

[15]  Yoshimasa Tsuruoka,et al.  Stacking Approach to Temporal Relation Classification with Temporal Inference , 2015 .

[16]  Ebrahim Bagheri,et al.  Self-training on refined clause patterns for relation extraction , 2017, Inf. Process. Manag..

[17]  Ebrahim Bagheri,et al.  Open Information Extraction , 2016, Encycl. Semantic Comput. Robotic Intell..