Do Not Lose Bandwidth: Adaptive Transmission Power and Multihop Topology Control

We show that a multihop wireless network can achieve better bandwidth and routing stability when transmission power and routing topology are jointly and adaptively controlled. Our experiments show that the predominant 'fixed and uniform' transmission power strategy with 'link quality and hop distance'-based routing topology construction loses significant bandwidth due to hidden terminal and load imbalance problems. We design an adaptive and distributed control mechanism for transmission power and routing topology, PCRPL, within the standard RPL routing protocol. We implement PC-RPL on real embedded devices and evaluate its performance on a 49-node multihop testbed. PC-RPL reduces total end-to-end packet losses ~7-fold without increasing hop distance compared to RPL with the highest transmission power, resulting in 17% improvement in aggregate bandwidth and 64% for the worst-case node.

[1]  JeongGil Ko,et al.  MEDiSN: medical emergency detection in sensor networks , 2008, SenSys '08.

[2]  Bhaskar Krishnamachari,et al.  Experimental study of the effects of transmission power control and blacklisting in wireless sensor networks , 2004, 2004 First Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, 2004. IEEE SECON 2004..

[3]  Saewoong Bahk,et al.  Load Balancing Under Heavy Traffic in RPL Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing.

[4]  JeongGil Ko,et al.  MarketNet: An Asymmetric Transmission Power-based Wireless System for Managing e-Price Tags in Markets , 2015, SenSys.

[5]  David E. Culler,et al.  Telos: enabling ultra-low power wireless research , 2005, IPSN 2005. Fourth International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, 2005..

[6]  Jerald Martocci,et al.  Building Automation Routing Requirements in Low-Power and Lossy Networks , 2010, RFC.

[7]  JeongGil Ko,et al.  Power Control for Mobile Sensor Networks: An Experimental Approach , 2010, 2010 7th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks (SECON).

[8]  Saewoong Bahk,et al.  QU-RPL: Queue utilization based RPL for load balancing in large scale industrial applications , 2015, 2015 12th Annual IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication, and Networking (SECON).

[9]  Paolo Santi.  Topology control in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks , 2005 .

[10]  Kristofer S. J. Pister,et al.  Industrial Routing Requirements in Low-Power and Lossy Networks , 2009, RFC.

[11]  Siarhei Kuryla,et al.  RPL: IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy Networks , 2010 .

[12]  Robert Tappan Morris,et al.  a high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing , 2005, Wirel. Networks.

[13]  Kieran Parsons,et al.  Load balanced routing for low power and lossy networks , 2013, 2013 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC).

[14]  Philip Levis,et al.  Collection tree protocol , 2009, SenSys '09.

[15]  Abdul Rehman,et al.  Multiple path RPL for low power lossy networks , 2015, 2015 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Wireless and Mobile (APWiMob).

[16]  Sang Hyuk Son,et al.  ATPC: Adaptive Transmission Power Control for Wireless Sensor Networks , 2016, TOSN.

[17]  Saewoong Bahk,et al.  A measurement study of TCP over RPL in low-power and lossy networks , 2015, Journal of Communications and Networks.

[18]  Anis Koubaa,et al.  Radio link quality estimation in wireless sensor networks , 2012, ACM Trans. Sens. Networks.

[19]  Chenyang Lu,et al.  Robust topology control for indoor wireless sensor networks , 2008, SenSys '08.