Earthquake Design Practice for Buildings

Foreword by Professor Robin Spence 1 The lessons from earthquake damage, 1.1 Damage studies, 1.2 Ground behaviour, 1.3 Structural collapse, 1.4 Important categories of damage, 1.5 Reinforced concrete, 1.6 Structural steelwork, 1.7 Masonry, 1.8 Timber, 1.9 Foundations, 1.10 Non-structural elements, 1.11 Bibliography Ground motion, 2.1 Primary and secondary sources of earthquake damage, 2.2 Earthquake basics, 2.3 Earthquake probability and return periods, 2.4 Performance objectives under earthquake loading, 2.5 Representation of ground motion, 2.6 Site effects, 2.7 Quantifying the risk from earthquakes, 2.8 Design earthquake motions, 2.9 References The calculation of structural response, 3.1 Introduction, 3.2 Basic principles of seismic analysis, 3.3 Linear elastic forms of seismic analysis, 3.4 Non-linear analysis, 3.5 Analysis for capacity design, 3.6 Analysis of building structures, 3.7 References Analysis of soils and soil-structure interaction, 4.1 Introduction, 4.2 Soil properties for seismic design, 4.3 Liquefaction, 4.4 Site-specific seismic hazards, 4.5 Soil-structure interaction, 4.6 References Conceptual design, 5.1 Design objectives, 5.2 Anatomy of a building, 5.3 Planning considerations, 5.4 Structural systems, 5.5 Cost of providing seismic resistance, 5.6 References Seismic codes of practice, 6.1 Role of seismic codes in design, 6.2 Development of codes, 6.3 Philosophy of design, 6.4 Code requirements for analysis, 6.5 Code requirements for strength, 6.6 Code requirements for deflection, 6.7 Load combinations, 6.8 Code requirements for detailing, 6.9 Code requirements for foundations, 6.10 Code requirements for non-structural elements and buildingcontents, 6.11 Other considerations, 6.12 References Foundations, 7.1 Design objectives, 7.2 'Capacity design' considerations for foundations, 7.3 Safety factors for seismic design of foundations, 7.4 Pad and strip foundations, 7.5 Raft foundations, 7.6 Piled foundations, 7.7 Retaining structures, 7.8 Design in the presence of liquefiable soils, 7.9 References Reinforced concrete design, 8.1 Lessons from earthquake damage, 8.2 Behaviour of reinforced concrete under cyclic loading, 8.3 Material specification, 8.4 Analysis of reinforced concrete structures, 8.5 Design of concrete building structures, 8.6 Design levels of ductility, 8.7 Design of reinforced concrete frames8.8 Shear walls, 8.9 Concrete floor and roof diaphragms, 8.10 Unbonded prestressed construction, 8.11 References Steelwork design, 9.1 Introduction, 9.2 Lessons learned from earthquake damage, 9.3 The behaviour of steelwork members under cyclic loading, 9.4 Materials specification, 9.5 Analysis of steelwork structures, 9.6 Design of steel building structures, 9.7 Design levels of ductility, 9.8 Concentrically braced frames (CBFs),9.9 Eccentrically braced frames (EBFs),9.10 Moment-resisting frames, 9.11 Steel-concrete composite structures, 9.12 References Masonry, 10.1 Introduction, 10.2 Forms of masonry construction and their performance inearthquakes, 10.3 Designing masonry for seismic resistance, 10.4 Analysis of masonry structures, 10.5 Simple rules for masonry buildings 10.6 References Timber, 11.1 Introduction, 11.2 Characteristics of timber as a seismic-resisting building material, 11.3 The lessons from earthquake damage, 11.4 Design of timber structures, 11.5 References Building contents and cladding, 12.1 Introduction, 12.2 Analysis and design of non-structural elements for seismicresistance, 12.3 Electrical, mechanical and other equipment, 12.4 Vertical and horizontal services, 12.5 Cladding, 12.6 References Seismic isolation, 13.1 Introduction, 13.2 Lessons from 30 years of seismic isolation, 13.3 Seismic isolation systems, 13.4 Design considerations, 13.5 Analysis of seismic isolation systems, 13.6 Testing of bearing systems, 13.7 Active and semi-active systems, 13.8 References Assessment and strengthening of existing buildings, 14.1 Introduction, 14.2 Performance of