Enhancing Storage Capabilities for Active Distribution Systems Using Flywheel Technology

Abstract This article presents a new approach to enhance the capabilities of flywheel energy storage systems to enable increasing the integration of small-scale photovoltaic distributed generation units in distribution systems. The storage capabilities of the flywheel energy storage systems are utilized to suppress the system voltage disturbances caused by the intermittent output power of the photovoltaic distributed generation sources in distribution systems. A dynamic model of the flywheel energy storage systems is presented. The flywheel energy storage systems model is simulated in a practical residential distribution network with small-scale photovoltaic distributed generation sources using PSCAD/EMTDC. The performance of the system is studied before and after installing the flywheel energy storage systems. The simulation results show that utilizing the flywheel energy storage systems technology in distribution systems with installed photovoltaic distributed generation sources can effectively reduce the frequent operation of the system automatic voltage regulators and increase the overall utilized energy of the installed photovoltaic distributed generation sources.

[1]  Thomas A. Lipo,et al.  Pulse Width Modulation for Power Converters: Principles and Practice , 2003 .

[2]  R Tonkoski,et al.  Coordinated Active Power Curtailment of Grid Connected PV Inverters for Overvoltage Prevention , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[3]  John Carlin.  Renewable Energy in the United States , 2004 .

[4]  Bart Verhelst,et al.  Introducing small storage capacity at residential PV installations to prevent overvoltages , 2011, 2011 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm).

[5]  D. D Nguyen,et al.  Modeling and Simulation of Solar PV Arrays under Changing Illumination Conditions , 2006, 2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics.

[6]  Tomonobu Senjyu,et al.  Photovoltaic Output Power Fluctuations Smoothing by Selecting Optimal Capacity of Battery for a Photovoltaic-Diesel Hybrid System , 2011 .

[7]  G. Joos,et al.  Supercapacitor Energy Storage for Wind Energy Applications , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[8]  J. Driesen,et al.  Multiobjective Battery Storage to Improve PV Integration in Residential Distribution Grids , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[9]  J.P. Barton,et al.  Energy storage and its use with intermittent renewable energy , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[10]  G. Joós,et al.  On the Quantification of the Network Capacity Deferral Value of Distributed Generation , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[11]  I. El-Samahy,et al.  The effect of DG on power quality in a deregulated environment , 2005, IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2005.

[12]  Mazharul Huq Chowdhury,et al.  Modeling of faults in permanent magnet synchronous machines , 2016, 2016 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo, Asia-Pacific (ITEC Asia-Pacific).

[13]  Brian K. Johnson,et al.  Modeling and analysis of a flywheel energy storage system for voltage sag correction , 2003, IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference, 2003. IEMDC'03..

[14]  K F Katiraei,et al.  Solar PV Integration Challenges , 2011, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[15]  D. Turcotte,et al.  Impact of High PV Penetration on Voltage Profiles in Residential Neighborhoods , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[16]  R. Krishnan.  Dynamic Modeling of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines , 2017 .

[17]  Holmes,et al.  Pulse width modulation for power converters , 2003 .