Eddyville Tree Farm, Oregon, United States of America

The Eddyville Tree Farm, a low elevation tract of 200 acres (81 ha) in the Oregon Coast Range, had been homesteaded for subsistence farming in 1905 after fires had deforested the area. Pastoral management with goats and Merino sheep had favored brush and bracken fern with a few scattered Douglas-fir remnants. The homesteader’s family sold it to Michael and Jane Newton in 1961, when it contained no merchantable timber and only 40 acres (16 ha) with any conifer stocking. The next 53 years reflect what one silviculture-oriented owner accomplished with limited resources and energy and a plan featuring a future dominated by local conifers. It began with afforestation and involved planting large seedlings through dense brush and ferns. Aerial spraying with phenoxy herbicides followed by glyphosate released the conifers to form Douglas-fir dominant stands that included western hemlock and a diverse understory. Commercial thinning and even-aged management in patches of about 10–20 acres (4–8 ha) have provided early- and late-seral habitats normally found in much older forests.