ConstrainingS-wave velocity using Rayleigh wave ellipticity from polarization analysis of seismic noise

We develop a new method for measuring ellipticity of Rayleigh waves from ambient noise records by degree-of-polarization (DOP) analysis. The new method, named DOP-E, shows a good capability to retrieve accurate ellipticity curves separated from incoherent noise. In order to validate the method we perform synthetic tests simulating noise in a 1-D earth model. We also perform measurements on real data from Antarctica and Northern Italy. Observed curves show a good fit with measurements from earthquake records and with theoretical ellipticity curves. The inversion of real data measurements for vS structure shows a good agreement with previous models. In particular, the shear-wave structure beneath Concordia station shows no evidence of a significant layer of liquid water at the base of the ice. The new method can be used to measure ellipticity at high frequency and therefore it will allow the imaging of near-surface structure, and possibly of temporal changes in subsurface properties. It promises to be useful to study near-surface processes in a wide range of geological settings, such as volcanoes, fault zones and glaciers.

[1]  E. King,et al.  Use of Shear Waves to Measure Poisson's Ratio in Polar Firn , 2007 .

[2]  W. Munk,et al.  Comparative spectra of microseisms and swell , 1963 .

[3]  Toshiro Tanimoto,et al.  Seasonality in particle motion of microseisms , 2006 .

[4]  Toshifumi Matsuoka,et al.  Monitoring seismic velocity change caused by the 2011 Tohoku‐oki earthquake using ambient noise records , 2012 .

[5]  Frank Krüger,et al.  Ocean-generated microseismic noise located with the Gräfenberg array , 1998 .

[6]  A. Morelli,et al.  Crustal structure of northern Italy from the ellipticity of Rayleigh waves , 2017 .

[7]  Lalu Mansinha,et al.  Localization of the complex spectrum: the S transform , 1996, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[8]  Francisco J. Sánchez-Sesma,et al.  A theory for microtremor H/V spectral ratio: application for a layered medium , 2011 .

[9]  Cécile Cornou,et al.  Ground structure imaging by inversions of Rayleigh wave ellipticity: Sensitivity analysis and application to European strong-motion sites , 2013 .

[10]  S. Kanemaki,et al.  A Theory for the , 1986 .

[11]  A. Morelli,et al.  Ellipticity of Rayleigh waves in basin and hard-rock sites in Northern Italy , 2016 .

[12]  Donat Fäh,et al.  The use of Rayleigh-wave ellipticity for site-specific hazard assessment and microzonation: application to the city of Lucerne, Switzerland , 2012 .

[13]  D. Fäh,et al.  Inversion of local S-wave velocity structures from average H/V ratios, and their use for the estimation of site-effects , 2003 .

[14]  D. L. Anderson,et al.  Preliminary reference earth model , 1981 .

[15]  F. Ardhuin,et al.  How moderate sea states can generate loud seismic noise in the deep ocean , 2012 .

[16]  K. Obara,et al.  Background Love and Rayleigh waves simultaneously generated at the Pacific Ocean floors , 2008 .

[17]  Son V. Nghiem,et al.  The extreme melt across the Greenland ice sheet in 2012 , 2012 .

[18]  J. Woodhouse.  Surface Waves in a Laterally Varying Layered Structure , 1974 .

[19]  Y Nakamura,et al.  A METHOD FOR DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS ESTIMATION OF SUBSURFACE USING MICROTREMOR ON THE GROUND SURFACE , 1989 .

[20]  Francesco Salvini,et al.  Geological setting of the Concordia Trench-Lake system in East Antarctica , 2009 .

[21]  Heiner Igel,et al.  Estimate of Rayleigh‐to‐Love wave ratio in the secondary microseism by colocated ring laser and seismograph , 2015 .

[22]  Frédérique Rémy,et al.  Bedrock features and ice flow near the EPICA Ice Core Site (Dome C, Antarctica) , 2000 .

[23]  A. Morelli,et al.  Crustal structure beneath Portugal from teleseismic Rayleigh Wave Ellipticity , 2017 .

[24]  J. Woodhouse,et al.  Observations of long period Rayleigh wave ellipticity , 2006 .

[25]  Robert B. Herrmann,et al.  Computer Programs in Seismology: An Evolving Tool for Instruction and Research , 2013 .

[26]  Martin Schimmel,et al.  The use of instantaneous polarization attributes for seismic signal detection and image enhancement , 2003 .

[27]  G. Masters,et al.  Update on CRUST1.0 - A 1-degree Global Model of Earth's Crust , 2013 .

[28]  D. Fäh,et al.  Retrieval of Rayleigh wave ellipticity from ambient vibration recordings , 2017 .

[29]  G. Wittlinger,et al.  Evidence of unfrozen liquids and seismic anisotropy at the base of the polar ice sheets , 2015 .

[30]  Jeroen Tromp,et al.  Imaging lateral heterogeneity in the northern Apennines from time reversal of reflected surface waves , 2007 .

[31]  F. Leyton,et al.  Deep characterization of the Santiago Basin using HVSR and cross-correlation of ambient seismic noise , 2016 .

[32]  Michel Campillo,et al.  Towards forecasting volcanic eruptions using seismic noise , 2007, 0706.1935.

[33]  Beniamino Gioli,et al.  Bridging the gap between atmospheric concentrations and local ecosystem measurements , 2009 .

[34]  R. Bell,et al.  Influx of meltwater to subglacial Lake Concordia, East Antarctica , 2005, Journal of Glaciology.

[35]  L. Rivera,et al.  The ZH ratio method for long-period seismic data: inversion for S-wave velocity structure , 2009 .

[36]  Cécile Cornou,et al.  Analysis of seismic waves crossing the Santa Clara Valley using the three-component MUSIQUE array algorithm , 2016 .

[37]  T. Brocher.  Empirical relations between elastic wavespeeds and density in the Earth's crust , 2005 .

[38]  L. Faenza,et al.  Variations of crustal elastic properties during the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake inferred from cross‐correlations of ambient seismic noise , 2011 .

[39]  Cécile Cornou,et al.  Single station determination of Rayleigh wave ellipticity by using the random decrement technique (RayDec) , 2009 .

[40]  J. B. Wright.  The geological setting , 1985 .

[41]  J. Woodhouse,et al.  Source, path and receiver effects on seismic surface waves , 2007 .

[42]  D. Schaff.  Placing an Upper Bound on Preseismic Velocity Changes Measured by Ambient Noise Monitoring for the 2004 Mw 6.0 Parkfield Earthquake (California) , 2012 .

[43]  F. Ardhuin,et al.  Modelling secondary microseismic noise by normal mode summation , 2013 .

[44]  Frank Scherbaum,et al.  Determination of shallow shear wave velocity profiles in the Cologne, Germany area using ambient vibrations , 2003 .

[45]  V. Tsai,et al.  Joint inversion of Rayleigh wave phase velocity and ellipticity using USArray: Constraining velocity and density structure in the upper crust , 2012 .

[46]  Pierre-Yves Bard,et al.  Rayleigh wave ellipticity estimation from ambient seismic noise using single and multiple vector-sensor techniques , 2009, 2009 17th European Signal Processing Conference.

[47]  M. Sambridge.  Geophysical inversion with a neighbourhood algorithm—I. Searching a parameter space , 1999 .

[48]  I. Molinari,et al.  Development and Testing of a 3D Seismic Velocity Model of the Po Plain Sedimentary Basin, Italy , 2015 .

[49]  L. Rivera,et al.  The ZH ratio method for long-period seismic data: sensitivity kernels and observational techniques , 2008 .

[50]  Gabi Laske,et al.  LITHO1.0: An Updated Crust and Lithosphere Model of the Earth (Postprint) , 2012 .

[51]  A. Kent,et al.  Origin of minor and trace element compositional diversity in anorthitic feldspar phenocrysts and melt inclusions from the Juan de Fuca Ridge , 2011 .

[52]  M. Schimmel,et al.  Degree of Polarization Filter for Frequency-Dependent Signal Enhancement Through Noise Suppression , 2004 .

[53]  F. Ardhuin,et al.  Polarized Earth's ambient microseismic noise , 2011 .

[54]  V. Maupin.  3-D sensitivity kernels of the Rayleigh wave ellipticity , 2017 .

[55]  Michel Campillo,et al.  Real time monitoring of relative velocity changes using ambient seismic noise at the Piton de la Fournaise volcano (La Réunion) from January 2006 to June 2007 , 2009 .

[56]  F. Gilbert.  Excitation of the Normal Modes of the Earth by Earthquake Sources , 1971 .