Radiotherapy of Prostate Cancer

Radiotherapy(RT) is one of the principle treatment options for prostate cancer. Modern RT and surgery show similar progression-free survival in localized prostate cancer. Adjuvant RT compared to observation significantly diminishes the risk of prostate-specific antigen(PSA) progression and local failure for patients at the highest risk for recurrence after radical prostatectomy, including with seminal vesicle invasion, extraprostatic extension, extensive positive margins, and detectable postoperative PSA. Salvage RT is effective at controlling local recurrence and reduces the risk of distant metastasis and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) for patients with PSA or local recurrence after prostatectomy. Hypofractionated radiotherapy of recent years' reports shows similar cancer control rates without an increased risk of late toxicity in comparison to conventional regimens. The addition of androgen-deprivation therapy(ADT) to radiation improves the overall survival and biochemical progression-free survival(bPFS) for intermediate-risk and high-risk patients. Key words: Prostatic neoplasms; Radiotherapy(RT); Adjuvant radiotherapy; Salvage radiotherapy; Hypofractionated radiotherapy