Measurements of K, L and M shell X-ray production efficiencies

Measurements of the efficiency of production of characteristic x radiation are reported for the Kα lines of carbon, aluminium, titanium, iron, nickel, copper, germanium, molybdenum, silver and tin, for the Lα1 lines of neodymium, tantalum and gold, and for the Mα line of gold. Satisfactory agreement with the experimental values of others and with theoretical predictions is obtained for the K shell. However, the experimental production efficiencies for the L shell are a factor of 2 greater than the theoretical values. Measurements of the LII and LIII ionization cross sections of gold, also reported here, show this parameter to be the source of the discrepancy between theory and experiment. The experimental technique used during the course of this work to determine characteristic x-ray intensities has, in addition, given new values of the absolute intensity of the continuous x-ray spectrum for twelve elements.

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