Lack of Genic Diversity Within and Among Populations of an Endangered Plant, Howellia aquatilis

: Howellia aquatilis (Campanulaceae) is a rare aquatic plant considered endangered throughout its range in the Pacific Northwest. Howellia appears to have a narrow ecological amplitude, occurring only in temporary ponds suwounded by trees. Anatomical observations of developing flowers indicate a restrictive breeding system approaching obligate self-fertilization. We used protein electrophoresis to examine the genetic structure of four populations from throughout the range of species. Eight enzymes encoded by 18 putative loci showed no variation, either within or among populations. Howellia's small ecological amplitude and lack of genetic variability lead us to believe that the species is prone to extinction A conservation strategy for this species should include protection of ponds that are currently inhabited by Howellia as well as ponds that will become appropriate habitat in the future. To insure against large-scale environmental perturbations, multiple pond clusters throughout the range of the species should be protected. Resumen: La Howellia Aquatilis (Campanulaceae) es una planta acuatica poco comun, considerada en peligro de extincion a lo largo de su rango en el noroeste del Pacifico. La Howellia parece tener una estrecha amplitud ecologica encontrandose solamente en pozas temporales rodeadas de arboles. Observaciones anatomicas sobre el proceso del desarrollo de las flores indican un sistema restringido de reproduceon cercano a una auto fertilizacion autogama obligada Hemos usado electroforesis proteica para exarninar la estructura genetica de cuatro poblaciones a lo largo del rango de la especie. Ocho enzimas codificadas por medico de dieciocho loci putativos no presentaron variacion, tanto dentro como entre poblaciones. La reducida amplitud ecologica y la falta de variabilidad genetica nos hace creer que estas especies son propensas a su extincion La estrategia a seguir para la conservacion de estas especies debe incluir la proteccion de las pozas que esten actualmente habitadas por Howellias y tambien de aquellas pozas que puedan ser habitat adecuado en un futuro. Para prevenirse contra perturb baciones medio ambientales de gran escala, numerosas agrupaciones de pozas a lo largo de su rango deberian ser protegidas.

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