Empirical Evaluation of Cooperative Awareness in Vehicular Communications

Vehicular networks will enable a number of active safety and traffic efficiency applications. At the core of many of those applications is cooperative awareness: the ability to detect location, speed, and heading of surrounding vehicles. We empirically analyze three key metrics that shed light on the communication performance available to applications: Packet Delivery Ratio: link quality in terms of the proportion of received messages over distance; Neighborhood Awareness Ratio: the proportion of detected neighbors within a given distance, which serves as an indicator of the effectiveness of cooperative awareness message exchange; and Neighborhood Interference Ratio: the proportion of neighbors above the desired range of interest, which can provide insight into the interference levels of fully deployed systems. By analyzing the measurement data collected within the scope of the DRIVE-C2X project, we conclude that the link layer delivery and neighborhood awareness criterion can be fulfilled for safety applications: in the analyzed datasets, the cooperative awareness ratio is close to 100% up to 100 meters. Depending on the desired region of interest, the interference from far-away vehicles can be considerable, thus requiring effective congestion control to balance between neighborhood awareness and interference.

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