Performance predictions for a new zeolite 13X/CaCl2 composite adsorbent for adsorption cooling systems

Abstract Composite adsorbents synthesized from zeolite 13X and CaCl 2 were investigated for applications in solar adsorption cooling systems. The effects of Ca ion exchange on the adsorption properties of zeolite 13X were studied. Ca ion exchange was found to decrease the specific surface area of the zeolite while increasing the total pore volume. Soaking zeolite 13X in 46 wt.% CaCl 2 solution for 24 h gave the optimum Ca ion exchange. The increase in the total pore volume facilitated further impregnating the zeolite with CaCl 2 . In all, 41.5 mol% of CaCl 2 was impregnated in the Ca-ion-exchanged zeolite from a 40 wt.% CaCl 2 solution to form the zeolite 13X/CaCl 2 composite adsorbent. A 0.4 g/g difference in equilibrium water uptake between 25 and 75 °C at 870 Pa was recorded for the composite adsorbent. This was 420% of that of zeolite 13X under the same conditions. Numerical simulation predicts that an adsorption cooling system using the composite adsorbent could be powered by a low grade thermal energy source using the temperature range 75–100 °C. Greatly improved efficiency is predicted compared to a system using pure zeolite 13X or impregnated silica gel.

[1]  Akiyoshi Sakoda,et al.  FUNDAMENTAL STUDY ON SOLAR POWERED ADSORPTION COOLING SYSTEM , 1984 .

[2]  Lorenz T. Biegler,et al.  Optimization of a Pressure-Swing Adsorption Process Using Zeolite 13X for CO2 Sequestration , 2003 .

[3]  Zaizhong Xia,et al.  Design and performance prediction of a novel zeolite-water adsorption air conditioner , 2006 .

[4]  S. J. Gregg,et al.  Adsorption Surface Area and Porosity , 1967 .

[5]  Eric Johnson,et al.  Global warming from hfc , 1998 .

[6]  Natural replacements for ozone-depleting refrigerants in eastern and southern Asia , 1998 .

[7]  A. Yazaydin,et al.  Molecular simulation of water adsorption in silicalite: Effect of silanol groups and different cations , 2009 .

[8]  Mordechai Shacham,et al.  Problem Solving in Chemical and Biochemical Engineering with POLYMATH, Excel, and MATLAB , 2007 .

[9]  Ki-Hyun Kim,et al.  A review of major chlorofluorocarbons and their halocarbon alternatives in the air , 2011 .

[10]  Ruzhu Wang,et al.  A review on adsorption working pairs for refrigeration , 2009 .

[11]  A. Freni,et al.  Selective water sorbent for solid sorption chiller: experimental results and modelling , 2004 .

[12]  Douglas M. Ruthven,et al.  Fundamentals of Adsorption Equilibrium and Kinetics in Microporous Solids , 2006 .

[13]  Francis Meunier,et al.  Numerical analysis of adsorptive temperature wave regenerative heat pump , 1996 .

[14]  Emmanuel E. Anyanwu,et al.  Thermodynamic design procedure for solid adsorption solar refrigerator , 2005 .

[15]  Hasan Demir,et al.  A review on adsorption heat pump: Problems and solutions , 2008 .

[16]  Chin Tsau Hsu,et al.  Modified Zehner-Schlunder models for stagnant thermal conductivity of porous media , 1994 .

[17]  K. Sing.  Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity (Recommendations 1984) , 1985 .

[18]  M. Pons,et al.  A phenomenological adsorption equilibrium law extracted from experimental and theoretical considerations applied to the activated carbon + methanol pair , 1986 .

[19]  Koichi Asano,et al.  Mass Transfer: From Fundamentals to Modern Industrial Applications , 2006 .

[20]  Yu. I. Aristov,et al.  New composite sorbent CaCl2 in mesopores for sorption cooling/heating , 2002 .

[21]  A. Lua,et al.  Surface Functional Groups on Oil-Palm-Shell Adsorbents Prepared by H3PO4 and KOH Activation and their Effects on Adsorptive Capacity , 2003 .

[22]  C. A. Infante Ferreira,et al.  Solar refrigeration options – a state-of-the-art review , 2008 .

[23]  Ruzhu Wang,et al.  Solar sorption cooling systems for residential applications: Options and guidelines , 2009 .

[24]  William M. Worek,et al.  Sorption properties for different types of molecular sieve and their influence on optimum dehumidification performance of desiccant wheels , 2006 .

[25]  Cooper H. Langford,et al.  SOLAR ENERGY STORAGE USING CHEMICAL POTENTIAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH DRYING OF ZEOLITES , 1979 .

[26]  Yuri I. Aristov,et al.  A new generation cooling device employing CaCl2-in-silica gel–water system , 2009 .

[27]  Kai Choong Leong,et al.  System performance of a combined heat and mass recovery adsorption cooling cycle: A parametric study , 2006 .

[28]  S. Reimann,et al.  The phase-in and phase-out of European emissions of HCFC-141b and HCFC-142b under the Montreal protocol: Evidence from observations at Mace Head, Ireland and Jungfraujoch, Switzerland from 1994 to 2004 , 2007 .

[29]  W. M. Worek,et al.  Sorption equilibrium of a solid desiccant felt and the effect of sorption properties on a cooled-bed desiccant cooling system , 1986 .

[30]  Giovanni Restuccia,et al.  Selective water sorbents for multiple applications, 1. CaCl2 confined in mesopores of silica gel: Sorption properties , 1996 .

[31]  Ruzhu Wang,et al.  Adsorption refrigeration- : An efficient way to make good use of waste heat and solar energy , 2006 .

[32]  D. I. Tchernev,et al.  High-efficiency regenerative zeolite heat pump , 1988 .

[33]  Greenhouse gases : Interrelationship with stratospheric ozone depletion , 1998 .

[34]  R. Pletcher,et al.  Computational Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer. By D. A ANDERSON, J. C. TANNEHILL and R. H. PLETCHER. Hemisphere, 1984. 599 pp. $39.95. , 1986, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.