Influence of Kagocel upon IL‑10 and TNF-α levels in treatment of community-acquired viral-bacterial pneumonia

Introduction. Cytokines regulate intercellular and intersystem interactions and are involved in the development and prevention of various pathologies. Purposes of work were a comparative assessment of the dynamics of the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory blood cytokines (TNF-α and IL‑10) in patients with community-acquired viral-bacterial pneumonia (CAVBP) with ceftriaxone monotherapy with antibiotic and combined use this antibiotic with the antiviral drug Kagocel, and comparison of getting data with native (reference) indicators of healthy patients.Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients, aged 18–65 years, with a confirmed diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia of moderate severity, divided into two groups equal in number, comparable by gender, age and timing of admission to the hospital. The first group received intravenous monotherapy only with the antibacterial drug Ceftriaxone, and the second group received a combination of Ceftriaxone with the oral antiviral drug Kagocel. Results. A pronounced imbalance of the levels of proand anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with CAVBP of both groups was demonstrated both during the onset of the disease and on the 7th day hospitalization. When analyzing the concentration ratio of TNF-α / IL‑10, it was found that monotherapy with an antibacterial drug did not lead to a decrease in this indicator, while when using a combination of an antibiotic with an antiviral drug, a significant decrease in its values to normal was observed on the 7th day treatment. Good tolerance of the combination therapy and the absence of adverse reactions were noted.Conclusion. The addition of Kagocel to the treatment regimen for CAVBP with ceftriaxone contributed to the decrease the concentration of TNF-α and increases the level of IL‑10, which is clinically reflected in a reduction in the duration of fever, symptoms of general intoxication, catarrhal phenomena and the duration of hospitalization (by 1 day) compared with ceftriaxone monotherapy.