Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage φX174 DNA

A DNA sequence for the genome of bacteriophage φX174 of approximately 5,375 nucleotides has been determined using the rapid and simple ‘plus and minus’ method. The sequence identifies many of the features responsible for the production of the proteins of the nine known genes of the organism, including initiation and termination sites for the proteins and RNAs. Two pairs of genes are coded by the same region of DNA using different reading frames.

[1]  G. B. Petersen,et al.  The frequencies of certain sequences of nucleotides in deoxyribonucleic acid. , 1960, The Biochemical journal.

[2]  R. Sinsheimer,et al.  The structure of the DNA of bacteriophage x-174. IV. Pyrimidine sequences. , 1963, Journal of molecular biology.

[3]  R. Sinsheimer,et al.  Process ofInfection withBacteriophage qX174 XXXV. Cistron VIII , 1970 .

[4]  V. Ling Partial digestion of 32P‐fd DNA with T4 endonuclease IV , 1971, FEBS letters.

[5]  C. Hutchison,et al.  Genetic Map of Bacteriophage φX174 , 1971 .

[6]  S. Weissman,et al.  Nucleotide sequence of a ribonucleic acid transcribed in vitro from lambda phage deoxyribonucleic acid. , 1971, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[7]  P. Sadowski,et al.  T4 endonuclease IV. Improved purification procedure and resolution from T4 endonuclease 3. , 1972, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[8]  V. Ling Pyrimidine sequences from the DNA of bacteriophages fd, fl, and phi X174. , 1972, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[9]  F. Sanger,et al.  Use of DNA polymerase I primed by a synthetic oligonucleotide to determine a nucleotide sequence in phage fl DNA. , 1973, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[10]  G. Air,et al.  Correlation between a coat protein amino-terminal sequence and a ribosome-binding DNA sequence from phiX 174. , 1973, Nature: New biology.

[11]  B. Barrell,et al.  Isolation and Sequence Analysis of a Ribosome-protected Fragment from Bacteriophage φX 174 DNA , 1973 .

[12]  F Galibert,et al.  Determination of the nucleotide sequence of a fragment of bacteriophage phiX 174 DNA. , 1973, Nature: New biology.

[13]  C. Hutchison,et al.  Isolation and genetic localization of three phi-X174 promoter regions. , 1973, Nature: New biology.

[14]  J. Hein Deep-sea Sediment Source Areas: Implications of Variable Rates of Movement between California and the Pacific Plate , 1973, Nature.

[15]  J. Baldwin,et al.  5 GHz Observations of the Infrared Star MWC 349, and the H II Condensation W3(OH) , 1973, Nature.

[16]  J. Hurwitz,et al.  Conversion of phiX174 viral DNA to double-stranded form by purified Escherichia coli proteins. , 1974, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[17]  R. Sinsheimer,et al.  A Cleavage Map of Bacteriophage ϕX174 Genome , 1974 .

[18]  G. Godson Evolution of φX174. Isolation of four new φX-like phages and comparison with φX174 , 1974 .

[19]  F Galibert,et al.  Direct determination of DNA nucleotide sequences: structure of a fragment of bacteriophage phiX172 DNA. , 1974, Journal of molecular biology.

[20]  O. Smithies,et al.  Amino acid sequence determination with radioactive proteins. , 1974, Biochemistry.

[21]  J. Shine,et al.  The 3'-terminal sequence of Escherichia coli 16S ribosomal RNA: complementarity to nonsense triplets and ribosome binding sites. , 1974, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[22]  H. Schott Chemische synthese eines phagenspezifischen DNA‐fragments , 1974 .

[23]  M. Hayashi Fragment Maps of φX-174 Replicative DNA Produced by Restriction Enzymes from Haemophilus aphirophilus and Haemophilus influenzae H-I , 1974, Journal of virology.

[24]  H. Boyer,et al.  Susceptibility of the phiX-like phages G4 and G14 to R-EcoRi endonuclease. , 1974, Virology.

[25]  K. Grohmann,et al.  Nucleotide sequences of the 5' termini of phi X174 mRNAs synthesized in vitro. , 1974, Nucleic acids research.

[26]  T. J. Henry,et al.  Isolation and Function of the Gene A Initiator of Bacteriophage ϕX 174, A Highly Specific DNA Endonuclease , 1974 .

[27]  R. Benbow,et al.  Genetic Recombination in Bacteriophage φX174 , 1974 .

[28]  E. Linney,et al.  Intragenic regulation of the synthesis of ΦX174 gene A proteins , 1974, Nature.

[29]  J. Clements,et al.  Process of infection with bacteriophage phiX174. XXXVII. RNA metabolism in phiX174-infected cells , 1975, Journal of virology.

[30]  G. Godson Evolution of ∅X174: II. A cleavage map of the G4 phage genome and comparison with the cleavage map of ∅X174 , 1975 .

[31]  A. Kornberg,et al.  dnaG gene product, a rifampicin-resistant RNA polymerase, initiates the conversion of a single-stranded coliphage DNA to its duplex replicative form. , 1975, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[32]  R. Schekman,et al.  Ten proteins required for conversion of phiX174 single-stranded DNA to duplex form in vitro. Resolution and reconstitution. , 1975, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[33]  D. Denhardt,et al.  The single-stranded DNA phages. , 1975, CRC critical reviews in microbiology.

[34]  D. Pribnow Nucleotide sequence of an RNA polymerase binding site at an early T7 promoter. , 1975, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[35]  C. Gray,et al.  Nucleotide sequence of an RNA polymerase binding site from the DNA of bacteriophage fd. , 1975, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[36]  J. Steitz,et al.  How ribosomes select initiator regions in mRNA: base pair formation between the 3' terminus of 16S rRNA and the mRNA during initiation of protein synthesis in Escherichia coli. , 1975, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[37]  C. Yanofsky,et al.  An intercistronic region and ribosome-binding site in bacterial messenger RNA. , 1975, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[38]  F. Sanger,et al.  A rapid method for determining sequences in DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase. , 1975, Journal of molecular biology.

[39]  C. Yanofsky,et al.  New features of the regulation of the tryptophan operon. , 1975, Science.

[40]  K. Grohmann,et al.  New method for isolation and sequence determination of 5'-terminal regions of bacteriophage φX174 in vitro mRNAs , 1975 .

[41]  J. Vereijken,et al.  Arthrobacter luteus restriction endonuclease cleavage map of X174 RF DNA , 1975 .

[42]  S. Eisenberg,et al.  The mechanism of replication of øX174 DNA , 1975 .

[43]  A. Kornberg,et al.  The gene H spike protein of bacteriophages phiX174 and S13. I. Functions in phage-receptor recognition and in transfection. , 1975, Virology.

[44]  T. Kindt,et al.  Homology in amino-terminal sequence of precursors to pancreatic secretory proteins. , 1975, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[45]  P. Hanawalt,et al.  DNA synthesis and its regulation , 1975 .

[46]  E. Blackburn Transcription by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase of a single-stranded fragment by bacteriophage phiX174 DNA 48 residues in length. , 1975, Journal of molecular biology.

[47]  B. Barrell,et al.  The use of primed synthesis by DNA polymerase I to study an intercistronic sequence of phiX-174 DNA. , 1975, European journal of biochemistry.

[48]  F. Sanger,et al.  The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the N (5′) terminal region of gene G of bacteriophage φX174 , 1975 .

[49]  Tom Maniatis,et al.  Recognition sequences of repressor and polymerase in the operators of bacteriophage lambda , 1975, Cell.

[50]  A. Kornberg,et al.  Replication of phage G4. A novel and simple system for the initiation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. , 1975, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[51]  K. Sugimoto,et al.  Sequence of promoter for coat protein gene of bacteriophage fd , 1976, Nature.

[52]  F. Galibert,et al.  Direct determination of DNA nucleotide sequences. Structure of large specific fragments of bacteriophage phiX174 DNA. , 1976, Journal of Molecular Biology.

[53]  G. Air Amino acid sequences from the gene F(Capsid) protein of bacteriophage φX174 , 1976 .

[54]  P. Slocombe,et al.  A restriction cleavage map of phiX 174 DNA by pulse-chase labelling using E. coli DNA polymerase. , 1976, Nucleic acids research.

[55]  N. Axelrod Transcription of bacteriophage phi-X174 in vitro: selective initiation with oligonucleotides. , 1976, Journal of molecular biology.

[56]  P. Weisbeek,et al.  The genetic map of bacteriophage phiX174 constructed with restriction enzyme fragments. , 1976, Virology.

[57]  J. Fiddes Nucleotide sequence of the intercistronic region between genes G and F in bacteriophage phiX174 DNA. , 1976, Journal of molecular biology.

[58]  J. H. Spencer,et al.  Nucleotide clusters in deoxyribonucleic acids. Comparison of the sequences of the large pyrimidine oligonucleotides of bacteriophages S13 and phiX174 deoxyribonucleic acids. , 1976, Biochemistry.

[59]  F. Sanger,et al.  Gene F of bacteriophage phiX174. Correlation of nucleotide sequences from the DNA and amino acid sequences from the gene product. , 1976, Journal of molecular biology.

[60]  R. Roberts,et al.  A catalogue of cleavages of ∅X174, S13, G4, and ST-1 DNA by 26 different restriction endonucleases , 1976 .

[61]  R. Contreras,et al.  Complete nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage MS2 RNA: primary and secondary structure of the replicase gene , 1976, Nature.

[62]  The nucleotide sequence of a DNA fragment, 71 base pairs in length, near the origin of DNA replication of bacteriophage 0X174. , 1976, Nucleic acids research.

[63]  R. Sinsheimer,et al.  Bacteriophage φx174 DNA synthesis in a replication-deficient host: Determination of the origin of φX DNA replication , 1976 .

[64]  N. Brown,et al.  The Mapping and sequence determination of the single site in φX174am3 replicative form DNA cleaved by restriction endonuclease Pst I , 1976, FEBS letters.

[65]  C. A. Hutchison,et al.  Overlapping genes in bacteriophage φX174 , 1976, Nature.

[66]  Alan Coulson,et al.  Nucleotide and amino acid sequences of gene G of φX174 , 1976 .

[67]  P. Weisbeek,et al.  Cleavage map of bacteriophage phiX174 RF DNA by restriction enzymes. , 1976, Nucleic acids research.

[68]  M. Rosenberg,et al.  Determination of nucleotide sequences beyond the sites of transcriptional termination. , 1976, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[69]  E. Blackburn Transcription and sequence analysis of a fragment of bacteriophage phiX174 DNA. , 1976, Journal of molecular biology.

[70]  N. Axelrod,et al.  Transcription of bacteriophage phiX174 in vitro: analysis with restriction enzymes. , 1976, Journal of molecular biology.

[71]  F. Fujimura,et al.  Mapping of in vivo messenger RNAs for bacteriophage phiX-174. , 1976, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[72]  L. Smith,et al.  The in vitro transcription units of bacteriophage phiX174. II. In vitro initiation sites of phiX174 transcription. , 1976, Journal of molecular biology.

[73]  P. Weisbeek,et al.  Bacteriophage phiX174: gene A overlaps gene B. , 1977, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[74]  F. Blattner,et al.  Physical structure of the replication origin of bacteriophage lambda. , 1977, Science.

[75]  R. Staden Sequence data handling by computer. , 1977, Nucleic acids research.

[76]  D. Ray,et al.  Location of the origin-terminus of the viral strand of the duplex replicative form of bacteriophage G4 DNA. , 1977, Journal of molecular biology.

[77]  F. Sanger,et al.  DNA sequence at the C termini of the overlapping genes A and B in bacteriophage φX174 , 1977, Nature.

[78]  K. Sugimoto,et al.  Studies on bacteriophage fd DNA. IV. The sequence of messenger RNA for the major coat protein gene. , 1975, Journal of molecular biology.

[79]  P. Model,et al.  Isolation and characterisation of the φX174 ribosome binding sites , 1977, Nature.

[80]  G. Godson,et al.  G4 DNA replication. I. Origin of synthesis of the viral and complementary DNA strands. , 1977, Journal of molecular biology.

[81]  G. Godson G4 DNA replication. III. Synthesis of replicative form. , 1977, Journal of molecular biology.

[82]  F. Sanger,et al.  DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. , 1977, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[83]  S. Weissman,et al.  The genome of simian virus 40. , 1978, Science.

[84]  D. Hourcade,et al.  Site-specific initiation of a DNA fragment. , 1978, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[85]  B. Barrell,et al.  Nucleotide sequences of the separate origins of synthesis of bacteriophage G4 viral and complementary DNA strands. , 1978, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[86]  Nucleotide sequence of the recognition site for the restriction-modification enzyme of Escherichia coli B. , 1978, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[87]  R. Contreras,et al.  Complete nucleotide sequence of SV40 DNA , 1978, Nature.

[88]  Recognition site of Escherichia coli B restriction enzyme on phi XsB1 and simian virus 40 DNAs: an interrupted sequence. , 1978, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[89]  P. Weisbeek,et al.  Nucleotide sequence of the origin of replication in bacteriophage ΦX174 RF DNA , 1978, Nature.

[90]  B. Barrell,et al.  Gene K, a new overlapping gene in bacteriophage G4 , 1978, Nature.

[91]  R. Staden Further procedures for sequence analysis by computer. , 1978, Nucleic acids research.